Australian Almond: A Tropical Shade Tree for Warm Climates
Looking for a substantial shade tree that can handle Florida’s heat and humidity? The Australian almond (Terminalia muelleri) might catch your eye with its spreading canopy and glossy foliage. This perennial tree species has made its way from the land down under to establish itself in parts of the southeastern United States, particularly Florida.
What is Australian Almond?
Australian almond is a sizeable tree that typically grows over 13-16 feet tall, though under certain conditions it may develop a shorter, multi-stemmed form. Don’t let the name fool you – this isn’t related to the nuts you snack on! This tree earned its common name from its Australian origins, where it grows naturally in Queensland and the Northern Territory.
Where Does It Grow?
In the United States, Australian almond has established itself as a non-native species that reproduces on its own in Florida’s warm climate. It’s adapted well to subtropical conditions and can persist without human intervention once established.
Should You Plant Australian Almond?
Here’s the scoop on whether this tree deserves a spot in your landscape:
The Pros:
- Creates excellent shade with its spreading canopy
- Attractive glossy green leaves that may develop reddish tints
- Drought tolerant once established
- Small flowers provide nectar for bees and pollinators
- Low maintenance once mature
The Considerations:
- It’s not native to North America
- Requires a large space due to its size
- Limited to very warm climates (USDA zones 9b-11)
- May self-seed in favorable conditions
Growing Australian Almond Successfully
If you decide this tree fits your landscape needs, here’s how to help it thrive:
Ideal Growing Conditions:
- Full sun exposure
- Well-draining soil
- Warm, subtropical to tropical climate
- USDA hardiness zones 9b through 11
Planting and Care Tips:
- Plant in spring when soil has warmed
- Provide regular watering during establishment (first 1-2 years)
- Once established, it’s quite drought tolerant
- Minimal pruning required – just remove dead or crossing branches
- Allow plenty of space for the canopy to spread
Consider Native Alternatives
While Australian almond can be an attractive landscape tree, consider these native alternatives that provide similar benefits while supporting local ecosystems:
- Live Oak (Quercus virginiana) – Magnificent shade tree native to the Southeast
- Bald Cypress (Taxodium distichum) – Adaptable native that handles wet and dry conditions
- Southern Magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora) – Evergreen native with stunning flowers
The Bottom Line
Australian almond can be a serviceable shade tree for large properties in warm climates, offering drought tolerance and attractive foliage. However, since it’s not native to North America, it won’t provide the same ecological benefits as indigenous trees. If you’re drawn to its characteristics, consider whether a native alternative might better serve both your landscape goals and local wildlife. Whatever you choose, make sure you have the space and climate conditions to support a large, spreading tree!
