North America Non-native Plant

Arachis Pusilla

Botanical name: Arachis pusilla

USDA symbol: ARPU20

Native status: Not native but doesn't reproduce and persist in the wild

Arachis pusilla: The Elusive Wild Groundnut You’ve Probably Never Heard Of If you’re the type of gardener who loves discovering obscure plants that make your neighbors scratch their heads, let me introduce you to Arachis pusilla. This little-known member of the peanut family is one of those botanical mysteries that ...

Arachis pusilla: The Elusive Wild Groundnut You’ve Probably Never Heard Of

If you’re the type of gardener who loves discovering obscure plants that make your neighbors scratch their heads, let me introduce you to Arachis pusilla. This little-known member of the peanut family is one of those botanical mysteries that even experienced gardeners rarely encounter.

What Exactly Is Arachis pusilla?

Arachis pusilla belongs to the same genus as the common peanut (Arachis hypogaea), but don’t expect to harvest a crop of nuts from your backyard. This wild groundnut is a low-growing legume that’s remained largely in the shadows of botanical collections and research facilities rather than home gardens.

As a member of the legume family, it shares the characteristic compound leaves and ability to fix nitrogen in the soil that makes its relatives so valuable to both gardeners and ecosystems.

Where Does It Come From?

This South American native calls the warm regions of Brazil and surrounding areas home. Like many plants from tropical and subtropical regions, it’s adapted to warm temperatures and specific growing conditions that can be challenging to replicate outside its natural range.

Should You Try Growing Arachis pusilla?

Here’s where I need to be completely honest with you: growing Arachis pusilla is more of a botanical adventure than a practical gardening choice. This plant falls into that category of interesting but impractical specimens that appeal mainly to:

  • Plant collectors with a passion for rare legumes
  • Researchers studying wild Arachis species
  • Gardeners in very warm climates looking for unusual groundcovers
  • Anyone who enjoys the challenge of growing something truly uncommon

Growing Conditions and Care

If you’re determined to give this rare groundnut a try, here’s what we know about its preferences:

Climate Requirements: Arachis pusilla needs warm temperatures year-round, making it suitable primarily for USDA hardiness zones 9-11. If you live in a cooler climate, container growing with winter protection might be your only option.

Soil Needs: Like its peanut relatives, it prefers well-draining soil. Good drainage is crucial since waterlogged conditions can quickly spell doom for most Arachis species.

Sunlight: Based on its family relationships, it likely appreciates full sun to partial shade conditions.

The Reality Check

Let’s be real for a moment. Finding Arachis pusilla seeds or plants is going to be your biggest challenge. This isn’t something you’ll stumble across at your local garden center or even most specialty nurseries. If you do manage to locate it, make sure you’re sourcing from reputable suppliers who can verify the plant’s identity and legal collection.

Better Alternatives for Most Gardeners

Unless you’re specifically researching Arachis species or have access to specialized plant collections, you might want to consider these more readily available alternatives:

  • Native groundcovers suited to your specific region
  • Other nitrogen-fixing legumes that provide similar soil benefits
  • Low-growing native plants that support local wildlife

The Bottom Line

Arachis pusilla is fascinating from a botanical perspective, but it’s definitely not a plant for everyone. If you’re drawn to rare and unusual species and have the patience to track down sources, it could be an interesting addition to a specialized collection. However, for most gardeners, focusing on native plants from your own region will give you better results and provide more meaningful benefits to local wildlife.

Sometimes the most rewarding garden discoveries are hiding right in our own backyards – you just need to know where to look!

Arachis Pusilla

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Arachis L. - peanut

Species

Arachis pusilla Benth.

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA