North America Non-native Plant

African Mammyapple

Botanical name: Mammea africana

USDA symbol: MAAF2

Native status: Not native but doesn't reproduce and persist in the wild

African Mammyapple: A Tropical Giant for Warm Climate Gardens If you’re dreaming of adding an exotic touch to your tropical garden, the African mammyapple (Mammea africana) might just catch your eye. This impressive evergreen tree brings a taste of African tropics to your landscape – though it’s definitely not a ...

African Mammyapple: A Tropical Giant for Warm Climate Gardens

If you’re dreaming of adding an exotic touch to your tropical garden, the African mammyapple (Mammea africana) might just catch your eye. This impressive evergreen tree brings a taste of African tropics to your landscape – though it’s definitely not a plant for everyone or every climate!

What Is the African Mammyapple?

The African mammyapple is a magnificent evergreen tree native to the tropical regions of West and Central Africa. Don’t let the name fool you – this isn’t related to apples at all! This stately tree can reach impressive heights of 60-130 feet in its native habitat, creating a dramatic canopy that’s hard to ignore.

With its glossy, dark green leaves and sturdy trunk, the African mammyapple makes quite the statement in any landscape where it can thrive. The tree produces fragrant white flowers that eventually develop into large, brown fruits that can weigh several pounds each.

Where Does It Come From?

This tropical beauty calls the rainforests of West and Central Africa home, thriving in countries like Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. In these regions, it’s been valued for centuries both for its timber and its edible fruits.

Should You Plant an African Mammyapple?

Here’s where things get interesting – and a bit challenging for most gardeners. The African mammyapple is definitely not a plant for casual weekend warriors or those living outside of truly tropical climates.

The Good News

  • Stunning specimen tree: Creates an impressive focal point in large tropical gardens
  • Evergreen beauty: Provides year-round foliage and structure
  • Pollinator friendly: The fragrant flowers attract bees and other beneficial insects
  • Unique conversation starter: Few people will have seen one in person!

The Reality Check

  • Climate requirements: Only suitable for USDA zones 10-12
  • Size considerations: This tree gets HUGE – not suitable for small properties
  • Slow establishment: Takes time to get established and reach maturity
  • Specialized care: Requires consistent tropical conditions

Growing Conditions and Care

If you’re lucky enough to live in a truly tropical climate and have the space, here’s what your African mammyapple will need to thrive:

Climate Requirements

This tree is only happy in consistently warm, humid conditions. Think Florida Keys, Hawaii, or Southern California’s most protected microclimates. Temperatures should rarely, if ever, drop below 50°F, and the tree prefers high humidity levels.

Light and Soil

Plant your African mammyapple in full sun to partial shade. It appreciates well-draining soil that stays consistently moist but never waterlogged. Rich, organic soil will keep it happiest, so don’t skimp on the compost!

Watering and Maintenance

Keep the soil evenly moist, especially during the establishment period. Once mature, the tree becomes somewhat more drought tolerant, but it still prefers regular watering. Mulching around the base helps retain moisture and suppress weeds.

Garden Design Ideas

In the right setting, an African mammyapple can be absolutely spectacular. Consider it as:

  • A dramatic specimen tree in large tropical landscapes
  • Part of a diverse tropical tree collection in botanical settings
  • A centerpiece in estate gardens with plenty of room to grow
  • An educational plant in tropical demonstration gardens

Native Alternatives to Consider

If you’re drawn to large tropical trees but want to support local ecosystems, consider these native alternatives depending on your region:

  • For Florida: Live oak, Southern magnolia, or Firebush
  • For California: Coast redwood, California sycamore, or Toyon
  • For Hawaii: Native Hawaiian trees like Koa or Ohia lehua

The Bottom Line

The African mammyapple is undeniably impressive, but it’s definitely a specialized plant for specialized situations. If you have the right climate, plenty of space, and a passion for exotic tropical plants, it could be an incredible addition to your landscape. However, for most gardeners, exploring native alternatives will provide similar aesthetic benefits while supporting local wildlife and requiring less intensive care.

Remember, the best garden is one that works with your local conditions rather than against them. While it’s fun to dream of exotic specimens, sometimes the most rewarding plants are the ones that naturally belong in your neck of the woods!

African Mammyapple

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Dilleniidae

Order

Theales

Family

Clusiaceae Lindl. - Mangosteen family

Genus

Mammea L. - mammea

Species

Mammea africana Sabine - African mammyapple

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA