African Dogstooth Grass: A Non-Native Ground Cover Worth Considering?
If you’re searching for a tough, low-maintenance ground cover that can handle tough conditions, you might have stumbled across African dogstooth grass (Cynodon transvaalensis). This perennial grass has made itself at home in several U.S. states, but is it the right choice for your landscape? Let’s dig into what makes this South African native tick and whether it deserves a spot in your garden.
What Exactly Is African Dogstooth Grass?
African dogstooth grass is a perennial grass that originally hails from the Transvaal region of South Africa. As a member of the grass family, it’s what botanists call a graminoid – basically a fancy way of saying it’s got that classic grass-like appearance and growth pattern. Don’t let the name fool you though; it has nothing to do with dogs or teeth!
This hardy little grass spreads by both above-ground runners (stolons) and underground stems (rhizomes), creating a dense, low-growing carpet that can handle foot traffic reasonably well.
Where You’ll Find It Growing
Currently, African dogstooth grass has established populations in Alabama, California, Iowa, Nebraska, and Texas. It’s considered a non-native species that reproduces on its own in the wild, meaning it’s found its groove in American growing conditions.
The Good, The Bad, and The Practical
Let’s be honest about what you’re getting into with this grass:
The Advantages
- Extremely drought tolerant once established
- Forms dense coverage that helps prevent erosion
- Low maintenance requirements
- Handles poor soil conditions
- Creates a fine-textured, attractive ground cover
The Drawbacks
- Non-native species with limited wildlife benefits
- Can be aggressive in spreading
- Provides minimal resources for pollinators
- May outcompete native plants
Growing Conditions and Care
African dogstooth grass is pretty easygoing when it comes to growing conditions. It thrives in USDA hardiness zones 8-11, so if you’re dealing with harsh winters up north, this isn’t your grass.
Here’s what it loves:
- Full sun exposure
- Well-draining soil (it’s not picky about soil type)
- Once established, it can handle drought like a champ
- Minimal fertilization needed
Planting and Care Tips
Getting African dogstooth grass established is relatively straightforward. Plant in spring after the last frost, and give it regular water during the establishment period. Once it’s settled in (usually after the first growing season), you can back off on watering significantly.
The grass will spread naturally through its runner system, so a little goes a long way. Be prepared for it to fill in areas relatively quickly – this can be a blessing or a curse depending on your landscape goals!
Should You Plant It?
Here’s where things get interesting. While African dogstooth grass isn’t classified as invasive, it is a non-native species. If you’re looking for a tough ground cover for erosion control or a low-water lawn alternative, it might fit the bill. However, there are some compelling reasons to consider native alternatives first.
Better Native Alternatives
Before you commit to African dogstooth grass, consider these native options that provide similar benefits while supporting local ecosystems:
- Buffalo grass (Poaceae family) – A drought-tolerant native that forms dense turf
- Blue grama grass – Excellent for erosion control and wildlife habitat
- Sedge species – Many native sedges provide similar ground coverage with better wildlife benefits
These native alternatives will provide food and habitat for local wildlife, including pollinators and birds, while giving you the same practical benefits you’re looking for.
The Bottom Line
African dogstooth grass is a capable performer that can solve specific landscaping challenges, particularly in drought-prone areas or slopes needing erosion control. However, its non-native status means it won’t contribute much to supporting local wildlife and ecosystems.
If you do choose to plant it, use it responsibly and be prepared for its spreading nature. But before you make that decision, take a good look at native alternatives that might give you the same practical benefits while supporting the birds, bees, and other critters that make your garden ecosystem thrive.
After all, the best landscape choices are ones that work for both you and your local environment!
