North America Non-native Plant

African Dodder

Botanical name: Cuscuta cassytoides

USDA symbol: CUCA5

Life cycle: annual

Habit: vine

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the lower 48 states  

African Dodder: A Parasitic Plant You Probably Don’t Want in Your Garden If you’ve ever wondered about those stringy, spaghetti-like orange vines you might spot tangled around other plants, you could be looking at African dodder (Cuscuta cassytoides). This unusual plant has quite the reputation – and not necessarily a ...

African Dodder: A Parasitic Plant You Probably Don’t Want in Your Garden

If you’ve ever wondered about those stringy, spaghetti-like orange vines you might spot tangled around other plants, you could be looking at African dodder (Cuscuta cassytoides). This unusual plant has quite the reputation – and not necessarily a good one for gardeners!

What Exactly is African Dodder?

African dodder is an annual forb that belongs to a fascinating but troublesome group of parasitic plants. Unlike your typical garden plants, this vine doesn’t play by the usual rules. It’s what botanists call a parasitic plant, meaning it literally lives off other plants to survive. Think of it as nature’s version of a not-so-welcome houseguest that never leaves and eats all your food!

The plant produces thin, thread-like stems that range from orange to yellow in color, creating tangled masses that can completely engulf their host plants. These stems lack the green leaves you’d expect to see on most plants – after all, why bother making your own food when you can steal it from someone else?

Where Does It Come From and Where Can You Find It?

As its name suggests, African dodder originally hails from Africa, where it grows in tropical and subtropical regions. However, this plant has made itself at home far from its native continent. In the United States, it has established populations in North Carolina, where it reproduces on its own without any human help.

The Not-So-Pretty Truth About This Plant

While African dodder might have a certain alien-like charm with its tangled orange threads, it’s definitely not a plant you want to invite into your garden. Here’s why:

  • It’s a parasite that can seriously damage or even kill the plants it attaches to
  • Once established, it can spread rapidly and become difficult to control
  • It offers minimal benefits to pollinators or wildlife
  • As a non-native species, it doesn’t support local ecosystems the way native plants do

Growing Conditions (If You Must Know)

African dodder thrives in warm, humid environments and is likely hardy in USDA zones 8-11. However, since it’s parasitic, it doesn’t really grow in the traditional sense – it simply needs host plants to latch onto and drain of nutrients. It produces small, inconspicuous white or cream-colored flowers that may attract a few small insects, but nothing to write home about.

Why You Should Skip This One

Here’s the bottom line: African dodder is not recommended for intentional cultivation. Its parasitic nature means it will harm other plants in your garden, and as a non-native species that can reproduce spontaneously, there’s always the risk it could escape cultivation and cause problems in natural areas.

Better Native Alternatives

Instead of African dodder, consider these native climbing plants that will actually benefit your garden and local wildlife:

  • Native morning glories (Ipomoea species)
  • Wild grape (Vitis riparia)
  • Native honeysuckles (Lonicera species)
  • Virginia creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia)

These alternatives will give you beautiful vines without the parasitic problems, and they’ll support local pollinators and wildlife too!

If You Spot It in the Wild

If you encounter African dodder in natural areas, it’s worth reporting to your local extension office or native plant society, especially since its invasive status isn’t fully documented. The more we know about where non-native species are establishing, the better we can protect our native ecosystems.

Remember, the best gardens are those that work with nature, not against it. Skip the African dodder and choose native plants that will create a thriving, sustainable landscape you can feel good about!

African Dodder

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Solanales

Family

Cuscutaceae Dumort. - Dodder family

Genus

Cuscuta L. - dodder

Species

Cuscuta cassytoides Nees ex Engelm. - African dodder

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA