North America Native Plant

Zigzag Larkspur

Botanical name: Delphinium patens montanum

USDA symbol: DEPAM

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Delphinium parryi A. Gray var. montanum Munz (DEPAM3)   

Zigzag Larkspur: A Rare California Native Worth Protecting If you’re drawn to unique native wildflowers, you might have stumbled across the zigzag larkspur (Delphinium patens montanum). This intriguing California native is a member of the buttercup family that deserves our attention—not just for its potential garden appeal, but for its ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3?T3?: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Inexact rank: ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘ Subspecies or variety is vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. ⚘

Zigzag Larkspur: A Rare California Native Worth Protecting

If you’re drawn to unique native wildflowers, you might have stumbled across the zigzag larkspur (Delphinium patens montanum). This intriguing California native is a member of the buttercup family that deserves our attention—not just for its potential garden appeal, but for its conservation status that makes it a plant we should handle with extra care.

What Makes Zigzag Larkspur Special?

Zigzag larkspur is a perennial forb, meaning it’s an herbaceous plant that comes back year after year without developing woody stems. As a native species exclusive to California, it represents part of the Golden State’s unique botanical heritage. The plant gets its zigzag common name from its distinctive growth pattern, though detailed descriptions of its appearance are surprisingly scarce in readily available resources.

Where Does It Grow?

This delphinium is endemic to California, meaning you won’t find it growing naturally anywhere else in the world. Its limited geographic range is part of what makes it so special—and so vulnerable.

A Word of Caution: Rarity Matters

Here’s where things get important for responsible gardeners: zigzag larkspur has a conservation status of S3?T3?, which indicates some level of conservation concern, though the exact degree is undefined. This rarity status means that if you’re considering adding this plant to your garden, you need to be extra thoughtful about it.

If you want to grow zigzag larkspur:

  • Only source plants or seeds from reputable native plant nurseries that practice ethical collection
  • Never collect plants or seeds from wild populations
  • Consider whether there might be more common native alternatives that could serve similar purposes in your garden
  • Contact local native plant societies or botanical experts for guidance

Growing Conditions and Care

Unfortunately, specific growing information for zigzag larkspur is limited in available resources. However, we can make some educated guesses based on its California native status and its classification as a delphinium:

  • Likely prefers well-draining soils typical of California’s Mediterranean climate
  • Probably appreciates some winter moisture and dry summers
  • As a perennial forb, it likely dies back in winter and emerges in spring
  • May prefer partial shade to full sun, depending on specific microhabitat needs

The Bigger Picture

Sometimes the most important thing we can do as gardeners is recognize when a plant might be better left in its natural habitat. Zigzag larkspur’s rarity reminds us that not every beautiful native plant is necessarily a good candidate for widespread cultivation—at least not without careful consideration and proper sourcing.

If you’re passionate about supporting California native delphiniums, consider looking into more common species like Delphinium cardinale (scarlet larkspur) or Delphinium elatum varieties that can provide similar tall, spiky flowers without the conservation concerns.

Supporting Conservation

The best way to help rare plants like zigzag larkspur might not be growing them in your garden, but supporting the organizations working to protect their wild habitats. Consider donating to California native plant societies or participating in habitat restoration projects that help preserve the ecosystems where these special plants naturally thrive.

Remember: being a responsible native plant gardener sometimes means admiring from a distance and choosing more common alternatives that can still support local ecosystems while leaving the rare gems safely in their wild homes.

Zigzag Larkspur

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Magnoliidae

Order

Ranunculales

Family

Ranunculaceae Juss. - Buttercup family

Genus

Delphinium L. - larkspur

Species

Delphinium patens Benth. - zigzag larkspur

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA