North America Native Plant

Zarzabacoa Peluda

Botanical name: Desmodium barbatum

USDA symbol: DEBA5

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: subshrub

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico  

Synonyms: Meibomia barbata (L.) Kuntze (MEBA5)   

Zarzabacoa Peluda: A Charming Native Groundcover for Tropical Gardens If you’re looking for a low-maintenance native plant that brings delicate beauty to your tropical garden, let me introduce you to zarzabacoa peluda (Desmodium barbatum). This lovely perennial herb might not have the flashiest name, but it’s got plenty of charm ...

Zarzabacoa Peluda: A Charming Native Groundcover for Tropical Gardens

If you’re looking for a low-maintenance native plant that brings delicate beauty to your tropical garden, let me introduce you to zarzabacoa peluda (Desmodium barbatum). This lovely perennial herb might not have the flashiest name, but it’s got plenty of charm packed into its modest frame.

What Makes Zarzabacoa Peluda Special?

Zarzabacoa peluda is a native Puerto Rican treasure that belongs to the legume family. As a perennial forb, it’s essentially a soft-stemmed plant that comes back year after year without developing woody growth like shrubs or trees. Think of it as nature’s way of providing reliable, low-key beauty that doesn’t demand constant attention.

You might also see this plant listed under its scientific synonym, Meibomia barbata, but Desmodium barbatum is the name that’s stuck in modern botanical circles.

Where You’ll Find It Growing Wild

This charming native calls Puerto Rico home, where it has adapted beautifully to the island’s tropical climate. While it’s primarily found in Puerto Rico, it has also established populations in Hawaii, showing its adaptability to different tropical environments.

A Plant That Can’t Make Up Its Mind About Water

Here’s where zarzabacoa peluda gets interesting – it’s what botanists call facultatively flexible when it comes to moisture. In its native Caribbean range, it usually prefers wetland conditions but can tolerate drier spots. However, in Hawaii, it tends to favor upland areas while still being comfortable in wetter locations. Talk about a plant that keeps its options open!

Garden Appeal and Landscape Role

Zarzabacoa peluda produces small, delicate purple to pink flowers arranged in attractive terminal spikes. The blooms have that classic pea-flower shape that’s characteristic of the legume family, creating a subtle but lovely display. The compound leaves, divided into three leaflets, provide a soft, textured backdrop for the flowers.

In your landscape, this plant works wonderfully as:

  • A naturalized groundcover in tropical gardens
  • An addition to native plant gardens
  • A low-maintenance filler in mixed perennial beds
  • A pollinator-friendly option for butterfly gardens

Growing Conditions and Care

If you’re gardening in USDA hardiness zones 9-11, you’re in luck – zarzabacoa peluda should thrive in your climate. This adaptable native appreciates:

  • Moist, well-draining soil (though it can handle some variation)
  • Partial shade to full sun exposure
  • Minimal fertilization (like most legumes, it can fix its own nitrogen)
  • Occasional watering during dry spells

Planting and Maintenance Tips

The beauty of growing native plants like zarzabacoa peluda is their inherently low-maintenance nature. Once established, this perennial pretty much takes care of itself. It may self-seed in favorable conditions, which means you might find delightful surprises popping up around your garden.

Since it’s a legume, zarzabacoa peluda actually improves your soil by fixing nitrogen from the air – it’s like having a tiny fertilizer factory in your garden bed!

Supporting Local Ecosystems

By choosing native plants like zarzabacoa peluda, you’re doing more than just beautifying your space. You’re supporting local ecosystems and providing resources for native pollinators and wildlife. The flowers attract bees and butterflies, making it a valuable addition to any pollinator garden.

Is Zarzabacoa Peluda Right for Your Garden?

This native beauty is perfect for gardeners who want to:

  • Support local ecosystems with native plantings
  • Enjoy low-maintenance perennial color
  • Add subtle texture and interest to tropical landscapes
  • Attract pollinators without high-maintenance plants

While zarzabacoa peluda might not be the showiest plant in your garden, it offers the kind of reliable, understated beauty that serves as the backbone of successful native landscapes. Plus, you’ll have the satisfaction of knowing you’re growing a piece of Puerto Rico’s natural heritage right in your own backyard.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Caribbean

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Hawaii

FACU

Facultative Upland - Plants with this status usually occurs in non-wetlands but may occur in wetlands

Zarzabacoa Peluda

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Desmodium Desv. - ticktrefoil

Species

Desmodium barbatum (L.) Benth. - zarzabacoa peluda

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA