North America Native Plant

Zarzabacoa Comun

Botanical name: Desmodium incanum var. incanum

USDA symbol: DEINI3

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: subshrub

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Hawaii âš˜ Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the lower 48 states âš˜ Native to Puerto Rico âš˜ Native to the U.S. Virgin Islands  

Synonyms: Desmodium canum (J.F. Gmel.) Schinz & Thell. (DECA13)  âš˜  Desmodium frutescens Schindl. (DEFR2)  âš˜  Desmodium supinum DC. (DESU4)  âš˜  Meibomia cana (J.F. Gmel.) S.F. Blake (MECA15)  âš˜  Meibomia incana (DC.) Vail (MEIN9)  âš˜  Meibomia supina Britton, nom. illeg. (MESU6)   

Zarzabacoa Comun: A Tropical Groundcover for Warm Climate Gardens If you’re looking for a low-maintenance groundcover that thrives in warm climates, you might want to consider zarzabacoa comun (Desmodium incanum var. incanum). This perennial herb brings a touch of tropical charm to gardens with its delicate pink to purple flower ...

Zarzabacoa Comun: A Tropical Groundcover for Warm Climate Gardens

If you’re looking for a low-maintenance groundcover that thrives in warm climates, you might want to consider zarzabacoa comun (Desmodium incanum var. incanum). This perennial herb brings a touch of tropical charm to gardens with its delicate pink to purple flower clusters and distinctive three-leaflet compound leaves.

What is Zarzabacoa Comun?

Zarzabacoa comun is a perennial forb that belongs to the legume family. As a forb, it’s a non-woody plant that lacks significant woody tissue above ground, making it perfect for areas where you want soft, herbaceous coverage rather than shrubby growth. The plant produces charming small flowers arranged in clusters, creating a subtle but attractive display throughout its blooming period.

Native Status and Distribution

Here’s where things get interesting with this plant’s geography. Zarzabacoa comun is native to Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, where it naturally thrives in the tropical climate. However, it has established itself as a non-native species in several mainland states including Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, and Texas, where it reproduces spontaneously and persists in the wild.

While it’s not native to the continental United States, it’s also not currently listed as invasive or noxious, which means you can grow it without major environmental concerns—though native alternatives might be better choices for supporting local ecosystems.

Why Grow Zarzabacoa Comun?

There are several reasons gardeners in warm climates might appreciate this plant:

  • Low maintenance once established
  • Drought tolerant, perfect for water-wise gardening
  • Attracts pollinators like bees and butterflies
  • Self-seeding nature means it can fill in naturalized areas
  • Year-round presence as a perennial

Garden Applications

Zarzabacoa comun works well in informal garden settings and naturalized areas. It’s particularly suited for:

  • Wildlife gardens where pollinator support is a priority
  • Areas where you want low-maintenance groundcover
  • Transitional spaces between cultivated and wild areas
  • Gardens with a tropical or casual aesthetic

Keep in mind that this isn’t the plant for formal, manicured landscapes—its informal growth habit and self-seeding nature make it better suited for relaxed garden styles.

Growing Conditions and Care

One of the best things about zarzabacoa comun is how easy it is to please. Here’s what it needs to thrive:

Climate: Hardy in USDA zones 9-11, this plant loves warm weather and won’t tolerate frost.

Light: Full sun to partial shade—it’s quite adaptable to different light conditions.

Soil: Well-draining soil is essential. It’s not particularly picky about soil type but won’t tolerate waterlogged conditions.

Water: Drought tolerant once established, though it will appreciate occasional watering during dry spells.

Planting and Maintenance

Getting started with zarzabacoa comun is straightforward. The plant readily self-seeds, so if you can find an established population, you might be able to collect seeds. Plant in spring after the last frost danger has passed.

Maintenance is minimal—this is definitely a plant it and forget it kind of groundcover. You might want to trim it back if it starts spreading beyond where you want it, since it can self-seed freely.

Consider Native Alternatives

While zarzabacoa comun isn’t problematic, supporting native plant communities is always beneficial for local wildlife. If you’re in the southeastern United States, consider native alternatives like wild bergamot (Monarda fistulosa) or partridge pea (Chamaecrista fasciculata) for similar pollinator benefits with native credentials.

For gardeners in Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, you’re in luck—this plant is native to your region and makes an excellent choice for naturalized areas and wildlife gardens.

The Bottom Line

Zarzabacoa comun offers an easy-care option for gardeners in warm climates who want to attract pollinators and create naturalized spaces. While it’s not native to most of the continental U.S., it’s not invasive either, making it a reasonable choice for informal gardens. Just remember that native plants are usually the best choice for supporting local ecosystems, so consider regional alternatives when possible.

Zarzabacoa Comun

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Desmodium Desv. - ticktrefoil

Species

Desmodium incanum DC. - zarzabacoa comun

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA