Zacale: A Native Arizona Grass Worth Getting to Know
If you’re looking to add authentic Southwestern character to your garden, meet zacale (Bouteloua diversispicula) – a lesser-known native grass that deserves a spot in Arizona’s water-wise landscapes. While it may not have the fame of its cousin blue grama grass, this perennial beauty brings its own special charm to native plant gardens.
What is Zacale?
Zacale is a perennial grass that’s part of the Bouteloua genus, a group beloved by native plant enthusiasts for their drought tolerance and wildlife value. As a true Arizona native, this grass has spent centuries adapting to the challenging conditions of the Southwest, making it a natural choice for gardeners who want plants that actually belong in their landscape.
Where Does Zacale Grow?
This grass calls Arizona home, thriving in the state’s diverse ecosystems from desert floors to grassland transitions. Its presence in Arizona makes it perfectly suited to the state’s unique growing conditions and climate patterns.
Why Plant Zacale in Your Garden?
Native grasses like zacale offer several compelling reasons to earn a place in your landscape:
- Water-wise choice: Once established, it requires minimal irrigation – perfect for xeriscaping
- Low maintenance: Native plants mean less fussing and more enjoying
- Authentic landscape: Creates a genuine sense of place in Arizona gardens
- Erosion control: Helps stabilize slopes and prevent soil loss
- Wildlife habitat: Provides shelter and potential food sources for native creatures
Growing Zacale Successfully
Like most native Arizona plants, zacale appreciates conditions that mimic its natural habitat. Here’s how to give it the best start:
Ideal Growing Conditions
- Sun exposure: Full sun for best growth and form
- Soil: Well-draining soils – avoid areas where water sits
- Water: Drought-tolerant once established, but benefits from occasional deep watering during extreme heat
- Climate zones: Best suited for USDA zones 8-10, making it perfect for most Arizona locations
Planting and Care Tips
Getting zacale established is straightforward when you work with its natural preferences:
- Plant in fall or early spring when temperatures are moderate
- Space plants according to mature size to allow for natural growth patterns
- Water regularly the first year to establish a strong root system
- Once established, reduce watering frequency but increase depth
- Minimal fertilization needed – native soils usually provide adequate nutrition
Design Ideas for Your Landscape
Zacale works beautifully in several garden styles:
- Native plant gardens: Combine with other Arizona natives for an authentic desert grassland feel
- Xeriscape designs: Use as a water-wise groundcover or accent plant
- Natural landscapes: Perfect for creating informal, meadow-like areas
- Erosion control: Plant on slopes where you need both beauty and function
A Word About Wildlife
While specific wildlife benefits for zacale aren’t well-documented, native grasses typically support local ecosystems by providing habitat structure and potential food sources. Birds may use the grass for nesting material, and various insects find shelter among the blades.
The Bottom Line
Zacale may be one of Arizona’s more mysterious native grasses, but that’s part of its appeal. For gardeners who want to explore beyond the usual suspects in native landscaping, this perennial grass offers the promise of authentic regional character with minimal water needs. While it may not be as readily available as some of its grass cousins, seeking out zacale for your native plant collection could reward you with a truly special addition to your Arizona landscape.
As with any native plant, sourcing from reputable native plant nurseries ensures you’re getting true-to-type plants that will thrive in your specific location. Your local native plant society can often point you toward the best sources for harder-to-find species like zacale.
