North America Native Plant

Yellow Pepperweed

Botanical name: Lepidium flavum var. flavum

USDA symbol: LEFLF2

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Yellow Pepperweed: A Little-Known Native Annual for Western Gardens If you’re looking to add some lesser-known native plants to your garden, you might want to consider yellow pepperweed (Lepidium flavum var. flavum). This humble annual forb might not be the showiest plant in your garden center, but it has its ...

Yellow Pepperweed: A Little-Known Native Annual for Western Gardens

If you’re looking to add some lesser-known native plants to your garden, you might want to consider yellow pepperweed (Lepidium flavum var. flavum). This humble annual forb might not be the showiest plant in your garden center, but it has its own quiet charm and ecological value as a true native of the American West.

What is Yellow Pepperweed?

Yellow pepperweed is an annual forb, which simply means it’s a non-woody plant that completes its entire life cycle in one growing season. As a member of the mustard family, it shares characteristics with other familiar plants like arugula and radishes. Don’t expect towering heights from this one – like most forbs, it stays relatively close to the ground and focuses its energy on producing flowers and seeds rather than building woody stems.

Where Does It Call Home?

This particular variety of yellow pepperweed is native to just two states: California and Nevada. It’s perfectly adapted to the unique growing conditions of these western regions, having evolved alongside the local wildlife and climate patterns over thousands of years.

Should You Grow Yellow Pepperweed?

Here’s where things get a bit tricky – yellow pepperweed is one of those plants that botanists know exists, but gardeners rarely talk about. There’s limited information available about its specific growing requirements, appearance, or garden performance. This could mean a few things:

  • It might be quite rare or have a very specific habitat
  • It could be so well-adapted to wild conditions that it doesn’t thrive in typical garden settings
  • It may simply be overlooked in favor of showier native alternatives

The Challenge of Growing Lesser-Known Natives

While we’d love to give you specific care instructions for yellow pepperweed, the reality is that detailed cultivation information isn’t readily available. This is actually pretty common with highly specialized native plants that have very specific ecological niches.

If you’re determined to try growing this plant, your best bet would be to:

  • Contact native plant societies in California or Nevada for local expertise
  • Look for specialty native plant nurseries that might have experience with rare species
  • Observe the plant in its natural habitat to understand its preferred growing conditions

Consider These Native Alternatives Instead

If you’re drawn to the idea of growing native mustard family plants, you might have better luck with more widely cultivated species. Many western native plants in the Brassicaceae family are easier to find and grow, and they’ll still provide the ecological benefits you’re looking for.

Local extension offices and native plant societies in California and Nevada can recommend similar native annuals that are better suited to home gardens and have more established cultivation practices.

The Bottom Line

Yellow pepperweed represents the fascinating diversity of native plants that exist in our ecosystems, even if they’re not garden center staples. While it might not be the easiest plant to incorporate into your landscape, its presence reminds us that every native species has a role to play in supporting local ecosystems.

For most gardeners, focusing on well-documented native alternatives will be more rewarding and successful. But if you’re an adventurous gardener with a passion for botanical rarities, yellow pepperweed might just be the unique challenge you’re looking for!

Yellow Pepperweed

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Dilleniidae

Order

Capparales

Family

Brassicaceae Burnett - Mustard family

Genus

Lepidium L. - pepperweed

Species

Lepidium flavum Torr. - yellow pepperweed

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA