North America Native Plant

Woodland Spurge

Botanical name: Euphorbia palmeri var. subpubens

USDA symbol: EUPAS

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Woodland Spurge: A Rare Arizona Native Worth Knowing If you’re passionate about native gardening in the Southwest, you’ve probably encountered plenty of spurges in your botanical adventures. But have you heard of woodland spurge? This intriguing Arizona native, scientifically known as Euphorbia palmeri var. subpubens, is one of those plants ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S5T3T4: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. ⚘ Subspecies or varieties is apparently secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the region or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘

Woodland Spurge: A Rare Arizona Native Worth Knowing

If you’re passionate about native gardening in the Southwest, you’ve probably encountered plenty of spurges in your botanical adventures. But have you heard of woodland spurge? This intriguing Arizona native, scientifically known as Euphorbia palmeri var. subpubens, is one of those plants that quietly exists in our desert landscapes without much fanfare—and that’s exactly what makes it special.

What Makes Woodland Spurge Unique?

Woodland spurge is a perennial forb, which means it’s an herbaceous plant that comes back year after year without developing woody stems like shrubs or trees. As a member of the diverse Euphorbia family, it shares some characteristics with its more famous cousins, but this particular variety has carved out its own niche in Arizona’s ecosystems.

What’s particularly noteworthy about this plant is its conservation status. With a Global Conservation Status of S5T3T4, woodland spurge falls into a category that suggests some level of rarity or conservation concern. This doesn’t mean it’s on the brink of extinction, but it does mean we should treat it with respect and care.

Where Does Woodland Spurge Call Home?

This native beauty is found exclusively in Arizona within the United States. It’s a true southwestern specialist, adapted to the unique conditions of the Sonoran Desert region and surrounding areas.

Should You Grow Woodland Spurge?

Here’s where things get a bit tricky. While woodland spurge is undoubtedly a legitimate native species that could theoretically make a wonderful addition to native plant gardens, there’s a catch—we simply don’t have enough detailed information about its specific growing requirements, appearance, or garden performance.

What we do know is encouraging:

  • It’s a true Arizona native, making it well-adapted to local conditions
  • As a perennial, it offers long-term value in the landscape
  • Being a forb, it likely provides textural contrast to woody shrubs

The Responsible Approach

Given its conservation status, if you’re interested in growing woodland spurge, it’s crucial to source it responsibly. This means:

  • Never collecting from wild populations
  • Working with reputable native plant nurseries
  • Ensuring any plants you acquire are nursery-propagated
  • Considering participating in conservation efforts if opportunities arise

What We Don’t Know (Yet)

Honestly, there’s a lot we’d love to tell you about woodland spurge that remains a mystery. Details about its specific growing conditions, hardiness zones, mature size, flowering characteristics, and care requirements are largely undocumented in accessible horticultural literature. This isn’t uncommon for lesser-known native varieties—sometimes the most interesting plants are the ones that haven’t made it into mainstream gardening yet.

Alternative Native Spurges

If you’re drawn to the idea of native spurges but want something with more established growing information, consider looking into other Arizona-native Euphorbia species that might be more readily available and better understood horticulturally.

The Bottom Line

Woodland spurge represents the fascinating complexity of native plant communities—there are always species quietly doing their important ecological work without much human attention. While we can’t provide a complete growing guide for this particular variety, its existence reminds us of the incredible botanical diversity in Arizona’s landscapes and the importance of supporting native plant conservation efforts.

If you do encounter woodland spurge in the wild, take a moment to appreciate this understated native. And if you’re a plant researcher or serious native plant enthusiast, perhaps this little-known species could benefit from some additional study and documentation. After all, every well-known garden plant started as somebody’s botanical curiosity.

Woodland Spurge

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Euphorbiales

Family

Euphorbiaceae Juss. - Spurge family

Genus

Euphorbia L. - spurge

Species

Euphorbia palmeri Engelm. ex S. Watson - woodland spurge

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA