North America Native Plant

Woodfern

Botanical name: Dryopteris ×mickelii

USDA symbol: DRMI6

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Canada âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states  

Woodfern (Dryopteris ×mickelii): A Rare Native Hybrid Worth Knowing If you’ve stumbled across the name Dryopteris ×mickelii while researching native ferns, you’ve discovered one of North America’s more mysterious woodland plants. This native woodfern hybrid is like the botanical equivalent of a rare bird sighting – not something you’ll easily ...

Woodfern (Dryopteris ×mickelii): A Rare Native Hybrid Worth Knowing

If you’ve stumbled across the name Dryopteris ×mickelii while researching native ferns, you’ve discovered one of North America’s more mysterious woodland plants. This native woodfern hybrid is like the botanical equivalent of a rare bird sighting – not something you’ll easily find at your local nursery, but definitely worth understanding if you’re passionate about native flora.

What Makes This Fern Special

The × in Dryopteris ×mickelii isn’t a typo – it’s botanical shorthand telling us this is a hybrid fern. Think of it as nature’s own crossbreed, created when two different Dryopteris species decided to get together and create something new. As a perennial forb (that’s science-speak for a non-woody plant that comes back year after year), this woodfern represents the fascinating world of fern hybridization that most gardeners never get to explore.

Where You’ll Find This Elusive Fern

This native woodfern calls both Canada and the lower 48 states home, though it’s quite picky about its neighborhoods. You can find Dryopteris ×mickelii in Ontario, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Vermont. It’s like that friend who only shows up in very specific places – you know they exist, but spotting them requires being in just the right location at the right time.

The Wetland Wanderer

Here’s where this fern gets interesting from a habitat perspective. Across all its native regions – from the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain to the Eastern Mountains, Piedmont, Midwest, and Northcentral & Northeast – this woodfern has earned a facultative wetland status. In plain English? It’s the Switzerland of the plant world, perfectly happy in both wet and dry conditions. This adaptability makes it a fascinating study in plant flexibility.

Why This Fern Matters (Even If You Can’t Grow It)

While you probably won’t find Dryopteris ×mickelii at your local garden center, understanding hybrid ferns like this one helps us appreciate the complexity of native ecosystems. These natural crosses show us how plants adapt and evolve, creating new combinations that might be better suited to specific environmental conditions.

As a native species, this woodfern contributes to the biodiversity that supports our local ecosystems. While ferns don’t produce showy flowers to attract pollinators, they play important roles in:

  • Providing ground cover in woodland settings
  • Creating habitat structure for small wildlife
  • Contributing to the complex web of native plant communities
  • Helping prevent soil erosion with their root systems

The Reality Check for Gardeners

Let’s be honest – you’re probably not going to be planting Dryopteris ×mickelii in your garden anytime soon. Hybrid ferns are notoriously difficult to propagate and rarely available commercially. But here’s the cool part: learning about plants like this can inspire you to explore other native ferns that ARE available for your woodland garden.

If you’re interested in adding native ferns to your landscape, consider looking into the parent species of common Dryopteris hybrids or other native wood ferns that share similar characteristics. Many native fern species offer the same ecological benefits and woodland charm, with the added bonus of being much easier to source and grow.

Appreciating Nature’s Experiments

Dryopteris ×mickelii reminds us that nature is constantly experimenting, creating new combinations and testing what works. While this particular hybrid might remain a botanical curiosity rather than a garden staple, it represents the incredible diversity and adaptability of our native flora.

The next time you’re walking through northeastern woodlands, take a moment to appreciate that you might be in the presence of rare botanical crosses like this woodfern – nature’s own horticultural experiments happening right under our noses.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain

FAC

Facultative - Plants with this status can occur in wetlands and non-wetlands

Eastern Mountains and Piedmont

FAC

Facultative - Plants with this status can occur in wetlands and non-wetlands

Midwest

FAC

Facultative - Plants with this status can occur in wetlands and non-wetlands

Northcentral & Northeast

FAC

Facultative - Plants with this status can occur in wetlands and non-wetlands

Woodfern

Classification

Group

Fern

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision
Division

Pteridophyta - Ferns

Subdivision
Class

Filicopsida

Subclass
Order

Polypodiales

Family

Dryopteridaceae Herter - Wood Fern family

Genus

Dryopteris Adans. - woodfern

Species

Dryopteris ×mickelii J.H. Peck [goldiana × clintoniana] - woodfern

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA