North America Native Plant

Woodfern

Botanical name: Dryopteris ×correllii

USDA symbol: DRCO7

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Discovering the Woodfern: A Native Hybrid Worth Knowing Meet Dryopteris ×correllii, commonly known as woodfern – a fascinating native hybrid that represents the wonderful complexity of our natural fern flora. While this particular fern might not be the showiest plant in your garden, it tells an interesting story about plant ...

Discovering the Woodfern: A Native Hybrid Worth Knowing

Meet Dryopteris ×correllii, commonly known as woodfern – a fascinating native hybrid that represents the wonderful complexity of our natural fern flora. While this particular fern might not be the showiest plant in your garden, it tells an interesting story about plant evolution and adaptation in North American ecosystems.

What Makes This Fern Special?

The × in Dryopteris ×correllii isn’t a typo – it’s botanical notation indicating this is a hybrid species, meaning it arose from the crossing of two different Dryopteris parent species. This makes it somewhat of a botanical treasure, representing nature’s own plant breeding experiments happening right in our native landscapes.

As a perennial fern, this woodfern has an interesting classification quirk. While most people think of ferns as having a distinct growth form, this species is technically classified as a forb – essentially a non-woody plant that lacks the secondary woody growth we see in shrubs and trees. Don’t let the technical terms fool you though; it’s still very much the classic fern you’d recognize!

Where Does It Call Home?

This native woodfern is found in the lower 48 states, with documented populations specifically in Vermont. Its limited geographic distribution makes it a somewhat special find for fern enthusiasts and native plant gardeners in the Northeast.

A Wetland Wanderer

One of the most interesting aspects of this woodfern is its relationship with moisture. Across multiple regions – including the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain, Eastern Mountains and Piedmont, and Northcentral & Northeast areas – it carries a Facultative Wetland status. This means:

  • It usually prefers wetland conditions
  • It can tolerate drier sites when conditions are right
  • It’s adaptable to varying moisture levels

This flexibility makes it potentially valuable for gardeners dealing with challenging moisture conditions or those creating rain gardens and naturalistic landscapes.

Should You Grow This Woodfern?

Here’s where things get a bit tricky with Dryopteris ×correllii. As a hybrid species with limited distribution and scarce available information, it’s not commonly found in nurseries or garden centers. However, if you’re fortunate enough to encounter it or live within its native range, it could be an interesting addition to:

  • Woodland gardens
  • Native plant collections
  • Areas with variable moisture conditions
  • Naturalistic landscapes mimicking northeastern ecosystems

The Reality Check

While we’d love to give you detailed growing instructions, the truth is that specific cultivation information for this hybrid woodfern is quite limited. This isn’t uncommon with rare native hybrids – they often exist in small populations and haven’t been extensively studied or cultivated.

If you’re interested in growing native ferns with similar characteristics, consider looking into other Dryopteris species that are more readily available and better documented. Many share the woodland habitat preferences and attractive foliage that make ferns such valuable garden plants.

The Bigger Picture

Even if you never grow Dryopteris ×correllii in your garden, knowing about species like this helps us appreciate the incredible diversity of our native flora. These hybrid species represent ongoing evolutionary processes and remind us that our natural landscapes are dynamic, ever-changing systems.

For native plant enthusiasts, species like this woodfern highlight the importance of habitat conservation and the value of protecting the full spectrum of native biodiversity – not just the showy wildflowers that grab our attention.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Eastern Mountains and Piedmont

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Northcentral & Northeast

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Woodfern

Classification

Group

Fern

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision
Division

Pteridophyta - Ferns

Subdivision
Class

Filicopsida

Subclass
Order

Polypodiales

Family

Dryopteridaceae Herter - Wood Fern family

Genus

Dryopteris Adans. - woodfern

Species

Dryopteris ×correllii W.H. Wagner [carthusiana × goldiana] - woodfern

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA