North America Native Plant

Withe-rod

Botanical name: Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides

USDA symbol: VINUC

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to Canada âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states âš˜ Native to St. Pierre and Miquelon  

Synonyms: Viburnum cassinoides L. (VICA)  âš˜  Viburnum cassinoides L. var. harbisonii McAtee (VICAH)  âš˜  Viburnum cassinoides L. var. nitidum (Aiton) McAtee (VICAN)  âš˜  Viburnum nitidum Aiton (VINI2)   

Withe-Rod: A Hidden Gem for North American Native Gardens If you’re looking for a reliable, native shrub that quietly does its job while supporting local wildlife, let me introduce you to withe-rod (Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides). This unassuming member of the viburnum family might not be the flashiest plant in ...

Withe-Rod: A Hidden Gem for North American Native Gardens

If you’re looking for a reliable, native shrub that quietly does its job while supporting local wildlife, let me introduce you to withe-rod (Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides). This unassuming member of the viburnum family might not be the flashiest plant in the garden center, but it’s exactly the kind of steady performer that makes native gardening so rewarding.

What Exactly Is Withe-Rod?

Withe-rod is a perennial shrub that’s truly North American through and through. This woody beauty is native to an impressive range that includes Canada, the lower 48 states, and even St. Pierre and Miquelon. You’ll find it growing naturally from the Maritime provinces down to Georgia and as far west as Wisconsin, making it one of the more widely distributed native shrubs on the continent.

The shrub grows throughout these regions: Alabama, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, plus the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, and Newfoundland.

Why Your Garden Will Love Withe-Rod

This multi-stemmed shrub brings a wonderful natural feel to any landscape. In early summer, it produces clusters of small white flowers that may not stop traffic, but they’re certainly appreciated by pollinators like bees, flies, and butterflies. The real show comes later when those flowers transform into blue-black berries that birds absolutely adore.

At maturity, withe-rod reaches about 15 feet tall with an upright, erect growth form. Don’t expect instant gratification though – this is definitely a slow and steady wins the race kind of plant with a slow growth rate. But here’s the payoff: it has a long lifespan, so you’re investing in decades of reliable performance.

Where Does Withe-Rod Shine?

This adaptable shrub works beautifully in several garden settings:

  • Native plant gardens where you want authentic local flora
  • Woodland edges and naturalistic landscapes
  • Wildlife gardens focused on supporting birds and pollinators
  • Areas where you need a reliable, low-maintenance shrub

Its shade tolerance makes it particularly valuable for those tricky spots under trees where many other shrubs struggle. The moderate summer foliage porosity means it provides nice screening without being too dense.

Growing Withe-Rod Successfully

One of the best things about native plants is that they’re adapted to local conditions, and withe-rod is no exception. Here’s what this shrub prefers:

Soil Requirements

  • Medium-textured soils work best
  • pH between 4.9 and 7.0 (slightly acidic to neutral)
  • Medium fertility requirements – not too demanding
  • Good drainage important, though it handles medium moisture well

Light and Climate

  • Shade tolerant – perfect for woodland settings
  • Hardy in USDA zones 3-8 (tolerates temperatures down to -33°F)
  • Needs at least 110 frost-free days
  • Thrives with 35-50 inches of annual precipitation

Planting and Care Tips

Spring and summer are the active growing periods, making spring the ideal planting time. You can find withe-rod routinely available at native plant nurseries, and it’s commonly sold both bare root and in containers.

The good news for busy gardeners? This shrub is remarkably low-maintenance once established. It has medium drought tolerance, so occasional watering during dry spells is usually sufficient. The plant has good resprout ability, meaning it can recover well from damage.

If you’re thinking about propagation, you have options. Seeds work well (there are about 27,600 seeds per pound!), though they require cold stratification. The plant can also be propagated by cuttings or bare root division.

A Few Things to Keep in Mind

While withe-rod is generally easy-going, it does have some preferences. It’s not particularly fire-resistant, and it doesn’t tolerate salty conditions at all. The hedge tolerance is low, so this isn’t your best choice if you need a formal, clipped hedge.

The root system goes down at least 14 inches, so give it space and don’t plant it where you’ll be doing a lot of digging later.

The Bottom Line

Withe-rod might not be the showiest shrub in your garden, but it’s exactly the kind of reliable, native performer that creates the backbone of a successful landscape. It supports local wildlife, tolerates challenging conditions, and once established, pretty much takes care of itself. For gardeners who appreciate plants that work hard without demanding constant attention, withe-rod deserves serious consideration.

In our increasingly urbanized world, every native plant we add to our landscapes helps support the web of life that originally called these places home. Withe-rod is a perfect way to do your part while creating a beautiful, low-maintenance garden that truly belongs where you live.

How

Withe-rod

Grows

Growing season

Spring and Summer

Lifespan

Long

Growth form & shape

Multiple Stem and Erect

Growth rate

Slow

Height at 20 years

15

Maximum height

15.0

Foliage color

Green

Summer foliage density

Moderate

Winter foliage density

Porous

Foliage retention

No

Flowering

Yes

Flower color

White

Fruit/seeds

No

Fruit/seed color

Blue

Allelopath

No

Nitrogen fixing

None

Toxic

None

C:N Ratio

Medium

Fire Resistant

No

Foliage Texture

Medium

Low-growing Grass

No

Resproutability

Yes

Coppice Ability

Yes

Bloat

None

Withe-rod

Growing Conditions

Adapted to Coarse Soil

No

Adapted to Medium Soil

Yes

Adapted to Fine Soil

No

Anaerobic tolerance

None

CaCO₃ tolerance

High

Cold Stratification

Yes

Drought tolerance

Medium

Nutrient requirement

Medium

Fire tolerance

Medium

Frost-free days minimum

110

Hedge tolerance

Low

Moisture requirement

Medium

pH range

4.9 to 7.0

Plants per acre

700 to 1200

Precipitation range (in)

35 to 50

Min root depth (in)

14

Salt tolerance

None

Shade tolerance

Tolerant

Min temperature (F)

-33

Cultivating

Withe-rod

Flowering season

Early Summer

Commercial availability

Routinely Available

Fruit/seed abundance

Medium

Fruit/seed season

Summer to Fall

Fruit/seed persistence

No

Propagated by bare root

Yes

Propagated by bulb

No

Propagated by container

Yes

Propagated by corm

No

Propagated by cuttings

No

Propagated by seed

Yes

Propagated by sod

No

Propagated by sprigs

No

Propagated by tubers

No

Seed per pound

27600

Seed spread rate

Slow

Seedling vigor

Low

Small grain

No

Vegetative spread rate

None

Withe-rod

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Dipsacales

Family

Caprifoliaceae Juss. - Honeysuckle family

Genus

Viburnum L. - viburnum

Species

Viburnum nudum L. - possumhaw

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA