North America Native Plant

Windham’s Scaly Cloakfern

Botanical name: Astrolepis windhamii

USDA symbol: ASWI4

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Windham’s Scaly Cloakfern: The Desert’s Unexpected Fern Surprise When most people think of ferns, they picture lush, green fronds thriving in shady, moist forest floors. But nature has a delightful way of defying expectations, and Windham’s scaly cloakfern (Astrolepis windhamii) is living proof that ferns can be desert survivors too! ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3?: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Inexact rank: ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Windham’s Scaly Cloakfern: The Desert’s Unexpected Fern Surprise

When most people think of ferns, they picture lush, green fronds thriving in shady, moist forest floors. But nature has a delightful way of defying expectations, and Windham’s scaly cloakfern (Astrolepis windhamii) is living proof that ferns can be desert survivors too!

What Makes This Fern So Special?

Windham’s scaly cloakfern is a true native treasure of the American Southwest. This perennial fern has mastered the art of desert living, sporting distinctive silvery-scaled fronds that help it conserve precious moisture in harsh, arid conditions. Unlike its moisture-loving cousins, this tough little fern has evolved to thrive where most plants would simply give up.

Where You’ll Find This Desert Gem

This remarkable fern calls the southwestern United States home, naturally occurring in Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. It’s perfectly adapted to the challenging desert and semi-desert environments of these regions, often tucking itself into rocky crevices and cliffsides where it can find just enough protection and moisture to flourish.

Why Your Garden Might Love This Fern

If you’re tired of trying to grow traditional ferns in dry climates, Windham’s scaly cloakfern might be your answer to adding that coveted ferny texture to your landscape. Here’s why it could be perfect for your garden:

  • Exceptional drought tolerance once established
  • Unique silvery-green appearance adds textural interest
  • Perfect for rock gardens and xeriscaping projects
  • Requires minimal maintenance compared to traditional ferns
  • Supports native plant biodiversity in southwestern gardens

A Word of Caution: Handle with Care

Before you rush out to find this plant, there’s something important to know. Windham’s scaly cloakfern appears to have uncertain conservation status, which means it might be somewhat rare or vulnerable in the wild. If you’re interested in adding this unique fern to your collection, please ensure you’re purchasing from reputable nurseries that source their plants responsibly, rather than collecting from wild populations.

Growing Your Own Desert Fern

Ready to try your hand at growing this desert survivor? Here’s what you need to know:

Perfect Growing Conditions

  • Sunlight: Full sun to partial shade (can handle more sun than most ferns!)
  • Soil: Well-draining, rocky, or sandy soil is essential
  • Water: Very drought tolerant once established; avoid overwatering
  • Climate: Hardy in USDA zones 8-10

Planting and Care Tips

The secret to success with Windham’s scaly cloakfern is remembering it’s not your typical fern. Here are some key care tips:

  • Plant in extremely well-draining soil – soggy conditions will quickly kill this desert native
  • Consider adding extra rocks or gravel to improve drainage
  • Water sparingly, especially during winter months
  • Once established, it can survive on natural rainfall in most suitable climates
  • Perfect for tucking into rock walls, crevice gardens, or raised beds

Is This Fern Right for Your Garden?

Windham’s scaly cloakfern is ideal if you’re gardening in the southwestern United States and want to create a water-wise landscape that celebrates native plants. It’s particularly perfect for:

  • Xeriscaping and drought-tolerant gardens
  • Rock gardens and crevice plantings
  • Native plant landscapes
  • Areas where traditional ferns struggle due to dry conditions

However, if you live outside zones 8-10 or in areas with heavy clay soils and high humidity, this desert specialist might not be the best choice for your garden.

The Bottom Line

Windham’s scaly cloakfern offers something truly unique – the delicate beauty of a fern combined with the toughness of a desert survivor. While it may not provide the typical benefits we associate with flowering plants, like nectar for pollinators, it offers something equally valuable: a chance to grow an extraordinary native plant that showcases the incredible adaptability of nature.

Just remember to source your plants responsibly and give this special fern the well-drained, sunny conditions it craves. With the right care, you’ll have a conversation-starting addition to your garden that proves ferns can be just as tough as any cactus!

Windham’s Scaly Cloakfern

Classification

Group

Fern

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision
Division

Pteridophyta - Ferns

Subdivision
Class

Filicopsida

Subclass
Order

Polypodiales

Family

Pteridaceae E.D.M. Kirchn. - Maidenhair Fern family

Genus

Astrolepis Benham & Windham - cloakfern

Species

Astrolepis windhamii Benham - Windham's scaly cloakfern

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA