North America Native Plant

Williams’ Buckwheat

Botanical name: Eriogonum ovalifolium var. williamsiae

USDA symbol: EROVW

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: subshrub

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Williams’ Buckwheat: A Rare Nevada Native Worth Protecting Meet Williams’ buckwheat (Eriogonum ovalifolium var. williamsiae), one of Nevada’s most endangered botanical treasures. This tiny perennial herb might not win any size contests, but what it lacks in stature, it makes up for in rarity and ecological importance. What Makes Williams’ ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: United States

Status: S5T1: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘ Endangered: In danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range. ⚘

Region: United States

Williams’ Buckwheat: A Rare Nevada Native Worth Protecting

Meet Williams’ buckwheat (Eriogonum ovalifolium var. williamsiae), one of Nevada’s most endangered botanical treasures. This tiny perennial herb might not win any size contests, but what it lacks in stature, it makes up for in rarity and ecological importance.

What Makes Williams’ Buckwheat Special

Williams’ buckwheat is a perennial forb – essentially a non-woody plant that comes back year after year. As part of the buckwheat family, it produces clusters of small, cream-colored to white flowers that create a delicate, understated beauty in the landscape. Don’t expect towering blooms; this is a plant that charms with its compact, ground-hugging form.

Where It Calls Home

This buckwheat variety is found exclusively in Nevada, making it a true state endemic. It’s adapted to some pretty extreme conditions, particularly areas with geothermal activity where most other plants would struggle to survive.

A Word of Caution: Rarity Status

Important: Williams’ buckwheat is listed as endangered with a Global Conservation Status of S5T1. This means it’s extremely rare and faces significant threats in the wild. If you’re interested in growing this species, it’s crucial to source plants only from reputable native plant nurseries that use responsibly collected seeds or propagated material – never collect from wild populations.

Garden Role and Design Potential

While its endangered status means it’s not your typical garden center find, Williams’ buckwheat could play a valuable role in:

  • Conservation gardens focused on preserving rare Nevada natives
  • Rock gardens that mimic its natural habitat
  • Educational landscapes that highlight endangered species
  • Xeriscaping projects emphasizing water-wise natives

Growing Conditions and Care

This hardy little survivor has adapted to some tough conditions, which gives us clues about how to grow it successfully:

  • Sunlight: Full sun exposure
  • Soil: Extremely well-draining soil is essential – think rocky, sandy, or gravelly conditions
  • Water: Drought tolerant once established; overwatering is likely more dangerous than underwatering
  • Climate: Adapted to Nevada’s harsh mountain conditions

Pollinator and Wildlife Value

Like other members of the Eriogonum family, Williams’ buckwheat likely provides nectar for small native bees and other pollinators. Its seeds may also serve as food for small birds and other wildlife, making it a valuable component of native ecosystems.

Should You Grow Williams’ Buckwheat?

The honest answer? Only if you’re deeply committed to conservation and can source plants responsibly. This isn’t a plant for casual gardeners, but rather for those passionate about preserving rare species and willing to provide the specialized care it requires.

If you’re drawn to the idea of growing rare Nevada natives but want something more readily available, consider other Eriogonum species that aren’t endangered. Many buckwheat varieties offer similar aesthetic appeal and ecological benefits without the conservation concerns.

The Bottom Line

Williams’ buckwheat represents something precious – a unique piece of Nevada’s natural heritage that deserves our protection. While it may not be the flashiest addition to your garden, growing this rare species (when sourced responsibly) connects you to conservation efforts and helps preserve genetic diversity for future generations. Just remember: with great rarity comes great responsibility.

Williams’ Buckwheat

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Caryophyllidae

Order

Polygonales

Family

Polygonaceae Juss. - Buckwheat family

Genus

Eriogonum Michx. - buckwheat

Species

Eriogonum ovalifolium Nutt. - cushion buckwheat

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA