North America Native Plant

Wild Indigo

Botanical name: Baptisia ×bicolor

USDA symbol: BABI4

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Wild Indigo: A Native Prairie Gem for Your Garden If you’re looking to add some authentic prairie charm to your landscape, wild indigo (Baptisia ×bicolor) might just be the perfect addition. This native perennial brings a touch of the American heartland right to your backyard, though you might find yourself ...

Wild Indigo: A Native Prairie Gem for Your Garden

If you’re looking to add some authentic prairie charm to your landscape, wild indigo (Baptisia ×bicolor) might just be the perfect addition. This native perennial brings a touch of the American heartland right to your backyard, though you might find yourself on a bit of a treasure hunt to track down specific information about this particular hybrid.

What is Baptisia ×bicolor?

Baptisia ×bicolor is a hybrid wild indigo, part of the legume family that’s made quite a name for itself in native gardening circles. The × in its name tells us it’s a cross between two Baptisia species, creating something special that combines the best traits of its parent plants. As a perennial, this plant will return year after year, becoming more impressive with each growing season.

Where Does It Call Home?

This wild indigo is native to the lower 48 states, with its natural range documented in Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma. It’s a true child of the American prairie, evolved to thrive in the challenging conditions of the Great Plains region.

Why Consider Wild Indigo for Your Garden?

While specific details about this hybrid can be elusive, wild indigos in general are beloved by native plant enthusiasts for good reason. These plants typically offer:

  • Drought tolerance once established
  • Beautiful pea-like flowers that add vertical interest
  • Attractive seed pods that provide winter structure
  • Deep taproot that helps prevent soil erosion
  • Low maintenance requirements

As a member of the legume family, wild indigos also have the superpower of fixing nitrogen in the soil, essentially fertilizing themselves and their neighbors. Pretty neat trick, right?

The Challenge: Limited Availability

Here’s where things get a bit tricky. Baptisia ×bicolor appears to be one of those plants that’s more talked about in botanical circles than readily available in the gardening world. You might have better luck finding other well-known Baptisia species and hybrids that are more commonly cultivated, such as Baptisia australis (blue wild indigo) or popular hybrids like ‘Purple Smoke’ or ‘Twilite Prairieblues.’

Growing Conditions and Care

While specific growing requirements for Baptisia ×bicolor are limited, we can make educated guesses based on its prairie origins and family characteristics:

  • Full sun to partial shade
  • Well-draining soil
  • Tolerance for poor soils
  • Drought tolerance once established
  • USDA hardiness zones likely 4-8 (typical for prairie natives)

Planting and Care Tips

If you do manage to find this elusive hybrid, treat it like you would other wild indigos:

  • Plant in spring or fall
  • Give it space – these plants don’t like to be moved once established
  • Water regularly the first year, then let nature take over
  • Avoid over-fertilizing (remember, it makes its own nitrogen!)
  • Be patient – wild indigos are notoriously slow starters but long-lived performers

The Bottom Line

Baptisia ×bicolor represents the wonderful diversity of our native plant heritage, even if it’s playing a bit hard to get in the commercial market. If you’re set on adding wild indigo to your landscape, consider starting with more readily available Baptisia species that offer similar benefits and beauty. Your local native plant society or specialized native plant nurseries might be your best bet for tracking down this particular hybrid – or they might point you toward equally wonderful alternatives that are easier to source and just as beneficial for your local ecosystem.

Sometimes the best garden adventures begin with the plants that make us work a little harder to find them!

Wild Indigo

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Baptisia Vent. - wild indigo

Species

Baptisia ×bicolor Greenm. & Larisey [australis × bracteata] - wild indigo

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA