North America Native Plant

Whitebristle Cottongrass

Botanical name: Eriophorum altaicum

USDA symbol: ERAL7

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Whitebristle Cottongrass: A Fluffy Native Beauty for Wet Gardens If you’ve ever wandered through a high-altitude wetland and spotted what looks like cotton balls dancing in the breeze, you’ve likely encountered the charming whitebristle cottongrass (Eriophorum altaicum). This delightful native sedge brings a touch of whimsy to specialized garden settings ...

Whitebristle Cottongrass: A Fluffy Native Beauty for Wet Gardens

If you’ve ever wandered through a high-altitude wetland and spotted what looks like cotton balls dancing in the breeze, you’ve likely encountered the charming whitebristle cottongrass (Eriophorum altaicum). This delightful native sedge brings a touch of whimsy to specialized garden settings with its distinctive fluffy white seed heads that seem to glow against the landscape.

What Makes Whitebristle Cottongrass Special?

Don’t let the name fool you – whitebristle cottongrass isn’t actually a grass at all! It’s a perennial sedge that belongs to the same family as other grass-like plants. What sets it apart is those spectacular cotton-like tufts that appear after flowering, creating an almost magical display that catches every breeze.

This hardy native calls the western United States home, naturally occurring in Colorado, Montana, Utah, and Wyoming. You’ll find it thriving in high-elevation wetlands and alpine meadows where few other plants dare to grow.

Why Consider Growing Whitebristle Cottongrass?

Here’s where things get interesting – and a bit challenging. Whitebristle cottongrass is absolutely stunning, but it’s not your typical garden plant. This beauty has some very specific needs that make it perfect for certain situations but tricky for others.

The Good News:

  • Spectacular ornamental value with those fluffy white seed heads
  • Completely native to western mountain regions
  • Extremely hardy in cold climates (USDA zones 3-7)
  • Low maintenance once properly established
  • Perfect for naturalized wetland gardens

The Reality Check:

  • Requires constantly moist to wet soil conditions
  • Not suitable for typical garden beds or dry landscapes
  • Needs specialized bog or wetland garden setup
  • Limited availability from nurseries

Where Does It Shine?

Whitebristle cottongrass is absolutely perfect if you’re creating a bog garden, water feature, or naturalized wetland area. It’s also fantastic for alpine gardens where you can provide the consistently moist conditions it craves. Think of it as the star of specialized water gardens rather than a general landscape plant.

Growing Conditions and Care

Success with whitebristle cottongrass comes down to one crucial factor: water. This plant evolved in boggy, marshy conditions and simply won’t thrive without constant moisture.

Essential Growing Requirements:

  • Soil: Consistently moist to wet, boggy conditions
  • Light: Full sun to partial shade
  • Climate: Cool temperatures, hardy in zones 3-7
  • Water: Constant moisture is non-negotiable

Planting and Care Tips

If you’re up for the challenge of growing this specialized beauty, here’s how to give it the best chance:

  • Create a bog garden or install near a water feature
  • Ensure drainage is poor to non-existent (opposite of most garden advice!)
  • Plant in spring when soil is naturally moist
  • Mulch isn’t necessary – this plant prefers wet, bare soil
  • Once established, it’s remarkably low-maintenance

Wildlife and Ecological Benefits

While whitebristle cottongrass is wind-pollinated and doesn’t attract many pollinators directly, it plays an important role in wetland ecosystems. The seeds provide food for various birds, and the plant helps stabilize wet soils in its native habitat.

The Bottom Line

Whitebristle cottongrass is a stunning native plant that can add incredible visual interest to the right garden setting. However, it’s definitely a specialist plant for specialist gardens. If you have a bog garden, water feature, or wetland restoration project, this could be your perfect fluffy-headed friend. For traditional garden beds, you’ll want to look elsewhere.

The key to success? Embrace its wetland nature rather than fighting it. When grown in its preferred boggy conditions, whitebristle cottongrass will reward you with those magical cotton-ball seed heads that make every garden visitor do a double-take.

Whitebristle Cottongrass

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Cyperaceae Juss. - Sedge family

Genus

Eriophorum L. - cottongrass

Species

Eriophorum altaicum Meinsh. - whitebristle cottongrass

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA