North America Native Plant

White Vervain

Botanical name: Verbena urticifolia var. leiocarpa

USDA symbol: VEURL

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

White Vervain: A Humble Native Wildflower Worth Getting to Know If you’re looking for a native plant that won’t demand much attention but will quietly support your local ecosystem, white vervain (Verbena urticifolia var. leiocarpa) might just be your new garden buddy. This unassuming perennial wildflower has a way of ...

White Vervain: A Humble Native Wildflower Worth Getting to Know

If you’re looking for a native plant that won’t demand much attention but will quietly support your local ecosystem, white vervain (Verbena urticifolia var. leiocarpa) might just be your new garden buddy. This unassuming perennial wildflower has a way of growing on you – quite literally, since it tends to self-seed once it’s happy in your garden!

What Makes White Vervain Special?

White vervain is a true native to the lower 48 United States, making it a fantastic choice for gardeners who want to support local wildlife. As a herbaceous perennial, it dies back to the ground each winter but returns faithfully each spring. Unlike woody plants, white vervain maintains its soft, non-woody stems throughout its growing season, classifying it as what botanists call a forb.

Where You’ll Find This Native Beauty

This adaptable wildflower has made itself at home across a impressive swath of the country. You’ll find white vervain growing naturally in Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia, and Wisconsin.

The Look: Understated Elegance

Don’t expect white vervain to be the showstopper of your garden – its beauty lies in subtlety. The plant produces tall, slender spikes topped with tiny white flowers that create a delicate, airy texture in the landscape. These blooms appear throughout the summer months, providing a soft contrast to more bold and colorful native plants.

Perfect Garden Companions

White vervain shines in several garden settings:

  • Prairie and meadow gardens where its natural, wild appearance fits right in
  • Cottage gardens that embrace a more relaxed, informal style
  • Wildlife gardens focused on supporting pollinators and native species
  • Naturalized areas where you want plants that can fend for themselves

Wildlife Love It (And So Will You)

While white vervain might look modest, it’s actually a pollinator magnet. Butterflies, native bees, and other beneficial insects flock to its small but numerous flowers. The plant also provides seeds for birds later in the season, making it a valuable four-season wildlife resource.

Growing White Vervain: Easy Does It

One of the best things about white vervain is how low-maintenance it is once established. This hardy perennial thrives in USDA hardiness zones 3 through 9, making it suitable for most of the continental United States.

Ideal Growing Conditions

White vervain is refreshingly adaptable:

  • Sunlight: Full sun to partial shade (though it prefers good light)
  • Soil: Tolerates various soil types, from clay to sandy soils
  • Water: Drought tolerant once established, but appreciates regular water during its first season
  • Maintenance: Practically none – just let it do its thing!

Planting and Care Tips

Getting white vervain established in your garden is straightforward:

  • Plant seeds in fall for spring germination, or start with nursery plants in spring
  • Give new plants regular water their first year to help them establish strong roots
  • Once established, white vervain can handle periods of drought like a champ
  • Allow some flowers to go to seed if you want the plant to naturalize in your garden
  • Cut back in late fall or early spring, though some gardeners prefer to leave seed heads for winter bird food

Should You Plant White Vervain?

If you’re drawn to low-maintenance native plants that support wildlife without overwhelming your garden, white vervain deserves serious consideration. It’s perfect for gardeners who appreciate subtle beauty and want to create habitat for pollinators and birds. Just keep in mind that this isn’t a plant for formal, highly manicured spaces – it’s at its best in naturalized settings where its relaxed growth habit can shine.

White vervain proves that sometimes the most valuable garden plants are the quiet ones, working behind the scenes to support the broader ecosystem while asking very little in return. In a world of high-maintenance garden divas, this humble native is refreshingly self-sufficient.

White Vervain

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Lamiales

Family

Verbenaceae J. St.-Hil. - Verbena family

Genus

Verbena L. - vervain

Species

Verbena urticifolia L. - white vervain

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA