North America Native Plant

White Spikerush

Botanical name: Eleocharis albida

USDA symbol: ELAL

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

White Spikerush: The Perfect Native Sedge for Your Wetland Garden If you’re looking to create a thriving wetland garden or need the perfect plant for that perpetually soggy spot in your yard, meet white spikerush (Eleocharis albida). This charming native sedge might not win any beauty contests, but it’s absolutely ...

White Spikerush: The Perfect Native Sedge for Your Wetland Garden

If you’re looking to create a thriving wetland garden or need the perfect plant for that perpetually soggy spot in your yard, meet white spikerush (Eleocharis albida). This charming native sedge might not win any beauty contests, but it’s absolutely essential for anyone serious about wetland restoration or creating habitat for wildlife.

What Exactly Is White Spikerush?

White spikerush is a perennial grass-like plant that belongs to the sedge family. Don’t let the grass-like description fool you though – this little plant is all about the water life. Its delicate, cylindrical stems topped with small whitish flower spikes give it a subtle, naturalistic charm that fits perfectly into native landscapes.

Where Does It Call Home?

This southeastern native has made itself comfortable across a impressive range of states, including Alabama, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas, and Virginia. It’s particularly fond of coastal plains and wetland areas where it can keep its feet wet year-round.

Why Your Garden Needs This Wetland Warrior

Here’s where white spikerush really shines – it’s what experts call an obligate wetland plant. That means it almost always occurs in wetlands, and boy, does it love that lifestyle! This makes it incredibly valuable for:

  • Wetland restoration projects
  • Rain gardens and bioswales
  • Pond and stream margins
  • Areas with poor drainage
  • Native plant gardens focused on water-loving species

While it might look humble, white spikerush provides important habitat for wildlife and helps with erosion control in wet areas. Its flowers, though small, attract beneficial insects, and the plant structure offers nesting material and shelter for various creatures.

The Reality Check: Is This Plant Right for You?

Let’s be honest – white spikerush isn’t for everyone. If you’re dreaming of a drought-tolerant xeriscape or a formal flower border, this isn’t your plant. But if you have consistently wet conditions or want to create authentic wetland habitat, it’s absolutely perfect.

This plant thrives in USDA hardiness zones 8-10, so northern gardeners will need to look for alternatives. But for those in its native range, it’s a no-brainer addition to appropriate wet sites.

Growing White Spikerush Successfully

The good news? If you can provide the right conditions, white spikerush is refreshingly low-maintenance. Here’s what it needs:

Perfect Growing Conditions

  • Moisture: Consistently moist to saturated soils – think swampy conditions
  • Sun: Full sun to partial shade
  • Soil: Tolerates various soil types as long as they stay wet
  • Flooding: Actually enjoys seasonal flooding

Planting and Care Tips

Plant white spikerush in spring when the soil is workable but still plenty moist. Once established, it’s incredibly self-sufficient – nature handles most of the work. The plant spreads naturally through underground stems and seeds, gradually forming colonies that provide better habitat and erosion control.

Maintenance is minimal since this plant evolved to handle challenging wetland conditions. You might need to manage its spread if you want to contain it to specific areas, but otherwise, just let it do its thing.

The Bottom Line

White spikerush won’t give you showy flowers or dramatic foliage, but it will give you something much more valuable – authentic native wetland habitat that supports local ecosystems. If you have the right wet conditions and want to garden with nature rather than against it, this humble sedge deserves a spot in your landscape. It’s proof that sometimes the most important plants are the quiet ones working behind the scenes to keep our natural world healthy.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Arid West

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Eastern Mountains and Piedmont

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Great Plains

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Western Mountains, Valleys, and Coast

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

White Spikerush

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Cyperaceae Juss. - Sedge family

Genus

Eleocharis R. Br. - spikerush

Species

Eleocharis albida Torr. - white spikerush

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA