North America Native Plant

Wheeler’s Blackberry

Botanical name: Rubus wheeleri

USDA symbol: RUWH2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: subshrub

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Rubus compos L.H. Bailey (RUCO21)  âš˜  Rubus fassettii L.H. Bailey (RUFA5)  âš˜  Rubus fulleri L.H. Bailey (RUFU5)  âš˜  Rubus potis L.H. Bailey (RUPO5)  âš˜  Rubus rowleei L.H. Bailey (RURO8)  âš˜  Rubus rotundior (L.H. Bailey) L.H. Bailey (RURO9)  âš˜  Rubus semisetosus Blanch. var. wheeleri L.H. Bailey (RUSEW)  âš˜  Rubus univocus L.H. Bailey (RUUN3)   

Wheeler’s Blackberry: A Native Groundcover Gem for Your Garden If you’re looking for a low-maintenance native shrub that doubles as both groundcover and wildlife magnet, Wheeler’s blackberry (Rubus wheeleri) might just be the unsung hero your landscape has been waiting for. This charming little member of the rose family brings ...

Wheeler’s Blackberry: A Native Groundcover Gem for Your Garden

If you’re looking for a low-maintenance native shrub that doubles as both groundcover and wildlife magnet, Wheeler’s blackberry (Rubus wheeleri) might just be the unsung hero your landscape has been waiting for. This charming little member of the rose family brings all the benefits of its more famous blackberry cousins but in a much more manageable package.

What Exactly is Wheeler’s Blackberry?

Wheeler’s blackberry is a perennial shrub that stays refreshingly compact, typically growing under 1.5 feet tall and never exceeding 3 feet at maturity. This makes it quite different from those towering, aggressive blackberry patches you might be thinking of. It’s also known by several botanical synonyms including Rubus compos, Rubus fassettii, and Rubus fulleri, among others, which can sometimes make identification a bit tricky for plant enthusiasts.

Where Does It Call Home?

This native beauty has quite an impressive range across the northern United States. You’ll find Wheeler’s blackberry naturally growing in:

  • Illinois
  • Indiana
  • Iowa
  • Maine
  • Michigan
  • Minnesota
  • New York
  • Pennsylvania
  • Wisconsin

Its natural distribution tells us a lot about what this plant prefers – it’s clearly adapted to the variable conditions of the northern states and Great Lakes region.

Why Your Garden (and Local Wildlife) Will Love It

Wheeler’s blackberry offers a delightful package of benefits that make it worth considering for the right garden setting. In late spring and early summer, it produces small white flowers that are absolute magnets for bees, butterflies, and other pollinators. These blooms later develop into dark purple-black berries that wildlife (and maybe you!) can enjoy.

The compound leaves provide textural interest throughout the growing season and often develop attractive reddish tones in fall. While it does have thorns like other Rubus species, its low stature makes them much less of a concern than with taller varieties.

Perfect Garden Scenarios

This native shrub shines in several garden situations:

  • Woodland gardens: Its natural woodland edge habitat makes it perfect for shaded garden areas
  • Naturalized landscapes: Ideal for creating low-maintenance, wildlife-friendly spaces
  • Erosion control: The spreading habit helps stabilize slopes and banks
  • Native plant gardens: A great choice for gardeners focused on regional flora

Growing Conditions and Care

Wheeler’s blackberry is refreshingly adaptable, thriving in USDA hardiness zones 3-7. It performs well in partial shade to full sun conditions, though it seems to appreciate some protection from intense afternoon sun in hotter climates.

When it comes to moisture, this plant shows its adaptable nature. Its wetland status varies by region – it’s considered a facultative wetland plant in the Eastern Mountains and Piedmont (meaning it usually prefers wet conditions but can handle drier sites), while in the Midwest and Northcentral regions, it’s simply facultative (equally happy in wet or dry conditions).

Planting and Maintenance Tips

Once established, Wheeler’s blackberry is remarkably low-maintenance. It may spread by underground runners, which is actually a feature rather than a bug if you’re using it as groundcover. However, if you need to contain its spread, occasional pruning and root barrier installation can keep it in bounds.

Plant it in spring or fall, giving it adequate water during establishment. After that, it should handle drought conditions reasonably well, though it will look its best with consistent moisture.

Is Wheeler’s Blackberry Right for Your Garden?

This native shrub is an excellent choice if you want to support local ecosystems while adding a functional, attractive plant to your landscape. It’s particularly valuable for gardeners who appreciate low-maintenance plants that provide multiple seasons of interest and wildlife benefits.

However, it might not be the best fit for formal garden settings or areas where you need precise control over plant spread. Its natural tendency to form colonies works beautifully in naturalized settings but could be challenging in more structured landscapes.

For gardeners in its native range looking to create wildlife habitat, support pollinators, or establish attractive groundcover in challenging areas, Wheeler’s blackberry offers an excellent combination of beauty, function, and ecological value – all wrapped up in one manageable, native package.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Eastern Mountains and Piedmont

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Midwest

FAC

Facultative - Plants with this status can occur in wetlands and non-wetlands

Northcentral & Northeast

FAC

Facultative - Plants with this status can occur in wetlands and non-wetlands

Wheeler’s Blackberry

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Rosales

Family

Rosaceae Juss. - Rose family

Genus

Rubus L. - blackberry

Species

Rubus wheeleri (L.H. Bailey) L.H. Bailey - Wheeler's blackberry

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA