North America Native Plant

West Indian Sumac

Botanical name: Brunellia comocladiifolia domingensis

USDA symbol: BRCOD

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: tree

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico  

West Indian Sumac: A Rare Puerto Rican Native Worth Knowing About If you’re passionate about native plants and conservation, you’ve probably stumbled across some pretty obscure species in your research. Today, let’s talk about one that’s particularly intriguing: the West Indian sumac (Brunellia comocladiifolia domingensis). Don’t worry if you’ve never ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S5T3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘

West Indian Sumac: A Rare Puerto Rican Native Worth Knowing About

If you’re passionate about native plants and conservation, you’ve probably stumbled across some pretty obscure species in your research. Today, let’s talk about one that’s particularly intriguing: the West Indian sumac (Brunellia comocladiifolia domingensis). Don’t worry if you’ve never heard of it – you’re definitely not alone!

What Exactly Is West Indian Sumac?

West Indian sumac is a perennial tree species that’s native exclusively to Puerto Rico. As a member of the tree family, this plant typically grows to impressive heights of 13-16 feet or more, developing the classic single trunk structure we associate with mature trees. Under certain environmental conditions, it might develop a multi-stemmed growth pattern or stay shorter than its typical height, but it’s generally going to be a substantial addition to any landscape.

Where Does It Grow?

This tree calls Puerto Rico home and only Puerto Rico. It’s what we call an endemic species, meaning it evolved in this specific location and doesn’t naturally occur anywhere else in the world. That makes it pretty special from a biodiversity standpoint!

The Conservation Reality Check

Here’s where things get a bit serious. West Indian sumac has a Global Conservation Status of S5T3, and while the exact meaning of this status isn’t clearly defined in available resources, any conservation status designation suggests this plant deserves our attention and respect. When dealing with endemic species like this one, we’re talking about plants that exist nowhere else on Earth.

Should You Plant West Indian Sumac?

This is where I have to be completely honest with you: finding reliable information about growing West Indian sumac is incredibly challenging. The lack of readily available horticultural information suggests a few things:

  • It may be extremely rare in cultivation
  • It might have very specific growing requirements that aren’t well-documented
  • Seeds or plants may not be commercially available
  • It could require specialized knowledge to grow successfully

The Responsible Approach

If you’re determined to work with this species (and I admire that dedication!), here’s what I’d recommend:

  • Only source plant material through reputable, conservation-minded suppliers who can verify the plants weren’t collected from wild populations
  • Connect with botanical gardens or universities in Puerto Rico that might have experience with this species
  • Consider supporting conservation efforts for this and other endemic Puerto Rican plants instead of or in addition to attempting cultivation

Alternative Native Options

While West Indian sumac might be challenging to obtain and grow, there are other native Puerto Rican trees that might give you a similar aesthetic and ecological impact. Research other endemic or native trees from the region that are more established in cultivation – you’ll likely have better success and still support native plant biodiversity.

The Bigger Picture

Sometimes the most interesting plants are the ones we can’t easily grow in our gardens. West Indian sumac represents the fascinating diversity of plant life that exists in specific ecosystems around the world. Even if you never get to plant one, knowing about species like this helps us appreciate the incredible variety of plant life that exists and the importance of protecting the habitats where these unique plants thrive.

Whether you’re a plant collector, conservation enthusiast, or just someone who loves learning about unusual plants, West Indian sumac reminds us that there’s still so much to discover in the plant world – even if some of those discoveries need to stay wild and protected in their native homes.

West Indian Sumac

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Rosales

Family

Brunelliaceae Engl. - Brunellia family

Genus

Brunellia Ruiz & Pav. - brunellia

Species

Brunellia comocladiifolia Humb. & Bonpl. - West Indian sumac

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA