North America Native Plant

Wedgeleaf Spurge

Botanical name: Euphorbia longicruris

USDA symbol: EULO2

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Wedgeleaf Spurge: A Rare Native Worth Preserving in Your Garden If you’re passionate about native plants and conservation, wedgeleaf spurge (Euphorbia longicruris) might just be the understated hero your garden needs. This modest annual forb may not win any beauty contests, but it plays an important role in preserving our ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Arkansas

Status: S1: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘

Wedgeleaf Spurge: A Rare Native Worth Preserving in Your Garden

If you’re passionate about native plants and conservation, wedgeleaf spurge (Euphorbia longicruris) might just be the understated hero your garden needs. This modest annual forb may not win any beauty contests, but it plays an important role in preserving our native plant heritage—and it desperately needs our help.

What Makes Wedgeleaf Spurge Special?

Wedgeleaf spurge is a true native of the south-central United States, calling Arkansas, Oklahoma, and Texas home. As an annual forb, it’s a herbaceous plant that completes its entire life cycle in one growing season, lacking the woody tissue that defines shrubs and trees. Instead, it puts its energy into producing seeds before winter arrives.

This spurge grows naturally across three states in the south-central region, where it has adapted to local conditions over thousands of years. However, its limited range makes it particularly vulnerable to habitat loss and environmental changes.

A Plant in Need: Understanding Its Rarity

Important conservation note: In Arkansas, wedgeleaf spurge holds an S1 rarity status, meaning it’s critically imperiled in the state. This classification indicates that the species faces a very high risk of elimination due to extreme rarity, very steep declines, or other factors.

If you’re interested in growing this species, please only use responsibly sourced material from reputable native plant nurseries or seed suppliers. Never collect seeds or plants from wild populations, as this could further threaten already vulnerable communities.

Growing Wedgeleaf Spurge Successfully

While specific growing requirements for this species aren’t extensively documented, we can make educated recommendations based on its native habitat and related spurges:

  • USDA Hardiness Zones: Likely zones 6-9, based on its native range
  • Sunlight: Probably prefers full sun to partial shade
  • Soil: Well-drained soils are typically preferred by spurges
  • Water: Once established, likely drought-tolerant like many native plants
  • Maintenance: As an annual, it should self-seed under favorable conditions

Where Does It Fit in Your Garden?

Wedgeleaf spurge isn’t about flashy flowers or dramatic foliage—it’s about authenticity and conservation. This plant works best in:

  • Native plant gardens focused on regional species
  • Prairie restoration projects
  • Naturalized landscape areas
  • Conservation-focused gardens
  • Educational gardens showcasing rare natives

Wildlife and Pollinator Benefits

While specific wildlife benefits for wedgeleaf spurge aren’t well-documented, spurges generally support small insects and contribute to the broader ecosystem web. Every native plant, no matter how modest, plays a role in supporting local wildlife communities that have evolved alongside these species.

Should You Grow Wedgeleaf Spurge?

The answer depends on your gardening goals. If you’re passionate about:

  • Preserving rare native species
  • Supporting regional biodiversity
  • Creating authentic native plant communities
  • Contributing to conservation efforts

Then wedgeleaf spurge could be a meaningful addition to your garden. However, remember that with rarity comes responsibility. Only source this plant ethically, and consider it part of a broader commitment to native plant conservation.

The Bottom Line

Wedgeleaf spurge may not be the showstopper of your garden, but it represents something equally important: our connection to place and our role as stewards of native biodiversity. By growing rare natives like this one responsibly, we become part of the conservation story rather than just observers of it.

If you decide to grow wedgeleaf spurge, you’re not just adding a plant to your garden—you’re helping preserve a piece of our natural heritage for future generations. And that’s pretty special, even if the flowers are small.

Wedgeleaf Spurge

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Euphorbiales

Family

Euphorbiaceae Juss. - Spurge family

Genus

Euphorbia L. - spurge

Species

Euphorbia longicruris Scheele - wedgeleaf spurge

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA