North America Native Plant

Waxyfruit Hawthorn

Botanical name: Crataegus pruinosa

USDA symbol: CRPR2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to Canada âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Crataegus aspera Sarg. (CRAS5)  âš˜  Crataegus congesta Sarg. (CRCO21)  âš˜  Crataegus cognata Sarg. (CRCO38)  âš˜  Crataegus crawfordiana Sarg. (CRCR14)  âš˜  Crataegus deltoides Ashe (CRDE7)  âš˜  Crataegus formosa Sarg. (CRFO7)  âš˜  Crataegus gaudens Sarg. (CRGA3)  âš˜  Crataegus gattingeri Ashe (CRGA4)  âš˜  Crataegus gattingeri Ashe var. rigida Palmer (CRGAR)  âš˜  Crataegus georgiana Sarg. (CRGE5)  âš˜  Crataegus lecta Sarg. (CRLE12)  âš˜  Crataegus leiophylla Sarg. (CRLE13)  âš˜  Crataegus littoralis Sarg. (CRLI9)  âš˜  Crataegus mackenziei Sarg. (CRMA15)  âš˜  Crataegus mackenziei Sarg. var. aspera (Sarg.) Palmer (CRMAA3)  âš˜  Crataegus mackenziei Sarg. var. bracteata (Sarg.) Palmer (CRMAB2)  âš˜  Crataegus parvula Sarg. (CRPA14)  âš˜  Crataegus platycarpa Sarg. (CRPL2)  âš˜  Crataegus porteri Britton (CRPO9)  âš˜  Crataegus porteri Britton var. caerulescens (Sarg.) Palmer (CRPOC)  âš˜  Crataegus pruinosa (Wendl. f.) K. Koch var. congesta (Sarg.) Phipps (CRPRC)  âš˜  Crataegus pruinosa (Wendl. f.) K. Koch var. conjuncta (Sarg.) Eggl. (CRPRC2)  âš˜  Crataegus pruinosa (Wendl. f.) K. Koch var. cognata (Sarg.) Phipps (CRPRC3)  âš˜  Crataegus pruinosa (Wendl. f.) K. Koch var. grandiflora Kruschke (CRPRG)  âš˜  Crataegus pruinosa (Wendl. f.) K. Koch var. latisepala (Sarg.) Eggl. (CRPRL2)  âš˜  Crataegus pruinosa (Wendl. f.) K. Koch var. leiophylla (Sarg.) Phipps (CRPRL3)  âš˜  Crataegus pruinosa (Wendl. f.) K. Koch var. pachypoda (Sarg.) Palmer (CRPRP)  âš˜  Crataegus pruinosa (Wendl. f.) K. Koch var. parvula (Sarg.) Phipps (CRPRP2)  âš˜  Crataegus pruinosa (Wendl. f.) K. Koch var. porteri (Britton) Eggl. (CRPRP3)  âš˜  Crataegus pruinosa (Wendl. f.) K. Koch var. rugosa (Ashe) Kruschke (CRPRR)  âš˜  Crataegus pruinosa (Wendl. f.) K. Koch var. virella (Ashe) Kruschke (CRPRV)  âš˜  Crataegus rugosa Ashe (CRRU8)  âš˜  Crataegus vicinalis Beadle (CRVI10)  âš˜  Crataegus virella Ashe (CRVI9)   

Waxyfruit Hawthorn: A Native Gem for Your Garden If you’re looking to add a tough, beautiful native shrub to your landscape, let me introduce you to the waxyfruit hawthorn (Crataegus pruinosa). This hardy North American native might not be the flashiest plant in the garden center, but it’s got personality, ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S2S3Q: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Uncertain taxonomy: ⚘ Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Waxyfruit Hawthorn: A Native Gem for Your Garden

If you’re looking to add a tough, beautiful native shrub to your landscape, let me introduce you to the waxyfruit hawthorn (Crataegus pruinosa). This hardy North American native might not be the flashiest plant in the garden center, but it’s got personality, resilience, and serious wildlife appeal that makes it worth a second look.

What Makes Waxyfruit Hawthorn Special?

The waxyfruit hawthorn is a true native success story, naturally occurring across a impressive range from southeastern Canada down to Georgia and west to Kansas and Oklahoma. You’ll find this adaptable shrub thriving in 31 states plus Ontario and Quebec – talk about knowing how to make itself at home!

As a perennial shrub, this multi-stemmed beauty typically reaches 13-16 feet in height, though it can surprise you by growing taller or staying more compact depending on its environment. The thorny branches might seem intimidating, but they’re actually a feature, not a bug – they provide excellent wildlife protection.

Why Your Garden (and Local Wildlife) Will Love It

Here’s where the waxyfruit hawthorn really shines. In late spring, usually around May, the shrub bursts into bloom with clusters of white flowers that are absolutely magnetic to pollinators. Bees, flies, and other beneficial insects can’t resist these nectar-rich blooms, making your garden a buzzing hub of activity.

But the show doesn’t stop there! Come fall, those flowers transform into small red to dark red fruits (called pomes) that birds absolutely adore. The deciduous foliage often puts on its own autumn display with warm yellow-orange hues before dropping for winter.

Growing Conditions and Care

One of the best things about waxyfruit hawthorn is how easygoing it is. This shrub thrives in USDA hardiness zones 4-8, making it suitable for a wide range of climates. Here’s what it needs to flourish:

  • Light: Full sun to partial shade (though it flowers best in full sun)
  • Soil: Adaptable to various soil types, including clay and sandy soils
  • Water: Drought tolerant once established, but appreciates regular watering in its first year
  • Urban tolerance: Handles city conditions surprisingly well

Perfect Garden Roles

This versatile native works beautifully in several garden settings:

  • Wildlife and pollinator gardens
  • Native plant landscapes
  • Naturalized areas and woodland edges
  • Erosion control on slopes
  • As a specimen plant for year-round interest

Planting and Care Tips

Getting your waxyfruit hawthorn established is refreshingly straightforward. Plant in spring or fall when temperatures are mild, and give it regular water during its first growing season. After that, it’s pretty much set-and-forget gardening.

Pruning is minimal – just remove any dead, damaged, or crossing branches in late winter. The thorns mean you’ll want to wear good gloves, but the low-maintenance nature more than makes up for this minor inconvenience.

A Word About Conservation

Here’s something important to know: waxyfruit hawthorn has a conservation status that suggests it may face some population pressures in parts of its range. This actually makes it even more valuable to grow! By adding it to your landscape, you’re supporting biodiversity and helping preserve this native species.

Just make sure to source your plant from reputable native plant nurseries that ethically propagate their stock rather than wild-collecting.

The Bottom Line

Waxyfruit hawthorn might not be the showiest shrub on the block, but it’s exactly the kind of hardworking, wildlife-supporting plant that makes a garden truly special. With its spring flowers, fall fruits, and year-round structure, plus its impressive adaptability and low-maintenance nature, it’s a smart choice for gardeners who want both beauty and ecological function.

Give this native gem a spot in your landscape – your local pollinators and birds will thank you, and you’ll have a resilient, attractive shrub that truly belongs in your corner of North America.

Waxyfruit Hawthorn

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Rosales

Family

Rosaceae Juss. - Rose family

Genus

Crataegus L. - hawthorn

Species

Crataegus pruinosa (Wendl. f.) K. Koch - waxyfruit hawthorn

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA