North America Native Plant

Wavyleaf Indian Paintbrush

Botanical name: Castilleja applegatei disticha

USDA symbol: CAAPD

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Castilleja disticha Eastw. (CADI7)   

Wavyleaf Indian Paintbrush: A California Native Worth Getting to Know Meet the wavyleaf Indian paintbrush (Castilleja applegatei disticha), a charming perennial wildflower that calls California home. This lesser-known member of the Indian paintbrush family might not be the easiest plant to find at your local nursery, but it’s definitely worth ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S5T2T4: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Subspecies or varieties is apparently secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the region or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘

Wavyleaf Indian Paintbrush: A California Native Worth Getting to Know

Meet the wavyleaf Indian paintbrush (Castilleja applegatei disticha), a charming perennial wildflower that calls California home. This lesser-known member of the Indian paintbrush family might not be the easiest plant to find at your local nursery, but it’s definitely worth learning about if you’re passionate about native California flora.

What Makes Wavyleaf Indian Paintbrush Special?

As its name suggests, this native beauty belongs to the beloved Indian paintbrush genus, known for their vibrant, brush-like flower displays. The wavyleaf Indian paintbrush is a true California native, found exclusively within the Golden State’s diverse landscapes. It’s a perennial forb, meaning it comes back year after year and lacks the woody stems of shrubs and trees.

This plant goes by the scientific name Castilleja applegatei disticha, and you might also see it listed under its synonym Castilleja disticha in older references. While it doesn’t have many widely-used common names, wavyleaf Indian paintbrush perfectly captures its distinctive foliage characteristics.

Where Does It Grow?

This paintbrush species is endemic to California, making it a true Golden State original. Its distribution is limited to specific habitats within the state, contributing to its somewhat mysterious reputation among native plant enthusiasts.

Should You Grow Wavyleaf Indian Paintbrush?

Here’s where things get a bit tricky. While this native beauty would theoretically make a wonderful addition to a native plant garden, there are some important considerations:

  • Rarity concerns: This subspecies has a conservation status that suggests it may be uncommon in the wild
  • Limited availability: You’re unlikely to find it at typical garden centers
  • Specialized needs: Like many Indian paintbrushes, it likely has specific growing requirements

Growing Conditions and Care

While specific growing information for this exact subspecies is limited, Indian paintbrushes generally prefer:

  • Full sun exposure
  • Well-draining soils
  • Minimal summer water once established
  • Native plant companions that complement their natural habitat

Indian paintbrushes are known to be somewhat parasitic, forming connections with the roots of nearby plants. This makes them particularly well-suited for naturalistic plantings where they can establish these beneficial relationships.

Wildlife and Pollinator Value

Like other members of the Indian paintbrush family, the wavyleaf variety likely provides excellent value for wildlife. These plants typically attract:

  • Hummingbirds, drawn to their tubular flowers
  • Native butterflies and beneficial insects
  • Other pollinators seeking nectar

The Bottom Line

Wavyleaf Indian paintbrush represents the kind of specialized native plant that makes California’s flora so unique and diverse. While it may not be the best choice for beginning native gardeners due to its limited availability and potential rarity, it’s exactly the kind of plant that makes exploring California’s native plant communities so rewarding.

If you’re interested in Indian paintbrushes for your native garden, consider starting with more readily available species like Castilleja affinis (coast Indian paintbrush) or other regional varieties that are better established in cultivation. Always source native plants from reputable nurseries that propagate their stock rather than collecting from wild populations.

Sometimes the most valuable native plants are the ones we admire in their natural settings, knowing we’re helping protect their wild habitats for future generations to discover and enjoy.

Wavyleaf Indian Paintbrush

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Scrophulariales

Family

Scrophulariaceae Juss. - Figwort family

Genus

Castilleja Mutis ex L. f. - Indian paintbrush

Species

Castilleja applegatei Fernald - wavyleaf Indian paintbrush

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA