North America Native Plant

Wai’anae Mountains False Lobelia

Botanical name: Trematolobelia kaalae

USDA symbol: TRKA4

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to Hawaii  

Synonyms: Trematolobelia macrostachys (Hook. & Arn.) Zahlbr. ex Rock var. kaalae (O. Deg.) E. Wimm. (TRMAK)  âš˜  Trematolobelia sandwicensis O. Deg. var. kaalae (TRSAK)   

Wai’anae Mountains False Lobelia: A Rare Hawaiian Treasure Worth Protecting If you’ve stumbled across the name Wai’anae Mountains false lobelia (Trematolobelia kaalae) while researching native Hawaiian plants, you’ve discovered one of the islands’ most precious botanical gems. But before you start planning where to plant this beauty in your garden, ...

Wai’anae Mountains False Lobelia: A Rare Hawaiian Treasure Worth Protecting

If you’ve stumbled across the name Wai’anae Mountains false lobelia (Trematolobelia kaalae) while researching native Hawaiian plants, you’ve discovered one of the islands’ most precious botanical gems. But before you start planning where to plant this beauty in your garden, there’s something important you need to know about this extraordinary shrub.

A Plant as Rare as They Come

The Wai’anae Mountains false lobelia is what botanists call a critically endangered endemic species. In plain English? This perennial shrub exists nowhere else on Earth except in the Wai’anae Mountains of O’ahu, Hawaii, and there are precious few of them left. We’re talking about a plant so rare that every individual specimen is basically a living treasure.

Where in the World Can You Find It?

This remarkable plant calls only one place home: the rugged Wai’anae Mountain range on the island of O’ahu in Hawaii. It’s perfectly adapted to the unique conditions found in these high-elevation montane environments, where cool temperatures, specific soil conditions, and just the right amount of moisture create the perfect storm for this specialized species.

What Makes It Special?

As a member of the bellflower family, the Wai’anae Mountains false lobelia develops into a multi-stemmed woody shrub that typically stays under 13-16 feet tall. Its status as a facultative wetland plant means it’s comfortable in both wetland and non-wetland environments, though it usually prefers areas with consistent moisture.

Like many Hawaiian endemics, this plant likely evolved alongside native pollinators and plays a crucial role in its mountain ecosystem. Every surviving plant represents thousands of years of evolution perfectly tuned to its specific Hawaiian habitat.

Why You Shouldn’t (and Probably Can’t) Grow It

Here’s where we need to have a frank conversation about conservation ethics and practical gardening. The Wai’anae Mountains false lobelia is not a plant for home gardens, and here’s why:

  • It’s critically endangered: Every plant in the wild is precious for species survival
  • Highly specialized needs: It requires very specific growing conditions that are nearly impossible to replicate
  • Limited availability: You won’t find this at your local nursery (and shouldn’t)
  • Conservation priority: Efforts should focus on protecting wild populations, not cultivation

How You Can Help Instead

Rather than trying to grow this rare beauty, consider these meaningful alternatives:

  • Support conservation organizations: Donate to groups working to protect Hawaiian endemic plants
  • Choose other native Hawaiian plants: Many beautiful and less rare native species are available for gardens
  • Visit responsibly: If you’re in Hawaii, consider supporting eco-tours that fund conservation efforts
  • Spread awareness: Share knowledge about Hawaiian plant conservation with fellow gardeners

Better Choices for Your Hawaiian-Inspired Garden

If you’re drawn to native Hawaiian plants (and you should be!), consider these more garden-appropriate alternatives that won’t contribute to conservation concerns:

  • Native hibiscus varieties: Gorgeous flowers with cultural significance
  • Hawaiian native ferns: Beautiful foliage plants that thrive in cultivation
  • Indigenous grasses: Perfect for naturalistic landscapes
  • Other native shrubs: Many options that support local ecosystems

The Bottom Line

The Wai’anae Mountains false lobelia reminds us that not every plant is meant for our gardens – and that’s okay. Sometimes the best way to appreciate a rare plant is to protect it where it belongs: in its native habitat. By choosing to plant other native species and supporting conservation efforts, we can all play a part in ensuring that future generations will still be able to marvel at plants like Trematolobelia kaalae in their natural mountain homes.

After all, the most beautiful garden is one that works in harmony with nature, not against it.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Hawaii

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Wai’anae Mountains False Lobelia

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Campanulales

Family

Campanulaceae Juss. - Bellflower family

Genus

Trematolobelia Zahlbr. ex Rock - false lobelia

Species

Trematolobelia kaalae (O. Deg.) Lammers - Wai'anae Mountains false lobelia

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA