North America Native Plant

Virginia Wildrye

Botanical name: Elymus virginicus var. halophilus

USDA symbol: ELVIH

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to Canada âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Elymus halophilus E.P. Bicknell (ELHA5)   

Virginia Wildrye: The Salt-Loving Native Grass Your Coastal Garden Needs If you’ve ever struggled to find plants that can handle salty conditions, meet your new best friend: Virginia wildrye (Elymus virginicus var. halophilus). This remarkable native grass doesn’t just tolerate salt – it actually thrives in conditions that would make ...

Virginia Wildrye: The Salt-Loving Native Grass Your Coastal Garden Needs

If you’ve ever struggled to find plants that can handle salty conditions, meet your new best friend: Virginia wildrye (Elymus virginicus var. halophilus). This remarkable native grass doesn’t just tolerate salt – it actually thrives in conditions that would make most plants throw in the towel. Whether you’re dealing with coastal spray, road salt, or just want a tough, beautiful grass for your landscape, this variety has got you covered.

What Makes This Grass Special?

Virginia wildrye var. halophilus is the salt-tolerant champion of the Virginia wildrye family. As a perennial grass native to both Canada and the United States, it’s perfectly adapted to life along our coastlines and in challenging conditions. The halophilus part of its name literally means salt-loving, which tells you everything you need to know about this plant’s superpower.

You might also see this grass listed under its synonym, Elymus halophilus, but don’t let the name confusion fool you – it’s the same wonderful plant.

Where Does It Call Home?

This coastal native has quite an impressive range, stretching from Nova Scotia down through the Mid-Atlantic states. You’ll find it growing naturally in Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Virginia. It’s particularly at home in salt marshes, coastal meadows, and anywhere that gets regular doses of salt spray.

Why Your Garden Will Love Virginia Wildrye

This isn’t just another pretty grass – it’s a hardworking landscape hero. Here’s what makes it such a great garden companion:

  • Salt tolerance: Perfect for coastal properties or areas affected by road salt
  • Erosion control: Those strong roots help hold soil in place
  • Low maintenance: Once established, it pretty much takes care of itself
  • Wildlife habitat: Provides shelter and nesting material for birds
  • Natural beauty: Graceful, arching stems with attractive seed heads

Perfect Garden Matches

Virginia wildrye var. halophilus shines brightest in:

  • Coastal and seaside gardens
  • Rain gardens and bioswales
  • Native plant landscapes
  • Naturalized meadows
  • Wildlife habitat gardens
  • Areas with challenging soil conditions

Growing Your Virginia Wildrye

Hardiness: This tough customer thrives in USDA zones 4-8, making it suitable for most of the northern and mid-Atlantic regions.

Light and Soil: Give it full sun to partial shade and moist to wet soil. While it loves coastal conditions, it’s also happy in regular garden soil as long as it doesn’t dry out completely. The salt tolerance is just a bonus – not a requirement!

Planting Tips:

  • Plant in spring or fall when temperatures are moderate
  • Space plants about 18-24 inches apart
  • Water regularly the first year to help establish strong roots
  • Once established, it can handle periodic flooding and drought

Care and Maintenance

Here’s the best part – Virginia wildrye is incredibly low-maintenance. After the first growing season, you can pretty much let nature take the wheel. Cut it back in late winter or early spring before new growth begins, and that’s about it. No fertilizing needed, no fussing required.

The grass will spread slowly through underground rhizomes, creating a nice colony over time without being aggressive or invasive.

Wildlife Benefits

While Virginia wildrye is wind-pollinated (so it won’t attract bees and butterflies like wildflowers do), it’s still a wildlife superstar. Birds love the seeds, and the dense clumps provide excellent nesting sites and shelter. It’s also a host plant for several native moth species, supporting the broader ecosystem in your backyard.

The Bottom Line

If you’re looking for a native grass that can handle tough conditions while adding natural beauty to your landscape, Virginia wildrye var. halophilus deserves a spot in your garden. It’s especially perfect if you’re dealing with salt exposure, wet soils, or just want a low-maintenance plant that supports local wildlife.

This grass proves that sometimes the best garden plants are the ones that know how to take care of themselves while making your landscape look effortlessly beautiful. Give it a try – your coastal garden (and the local birds) will thank you!

Virginia Wildrye

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Elymus L. - wildrye

Species

Elymus virginicus L. - Virginia wildrye

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA