North America Native Plant

Villalba

Botanical name: Condylidium iresinoides

USDA symbol: COIR

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: subshrub

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states âš˜ Native to Puerto Rico  

Synonyms: Eupatorium iresinoides Kunth (EUIR)   

Discovering Villalba: A Mysterious Native Perennial Worth Knowing Meet villalba (Condylidium iresinoides), a native perennial that might just be one of the best-kept secrets in the plant world. If you’ve never heard of this herbaceous beauty, you’re not alone – this native gem tends to fly under the radar in ...

Discovering Villalba: A Mysterious Native Perennial Worth Knowing

Meet villalba (Condylidium iresinoides), a native perennial that might just be one of the best-kept secrets in the plant world. If you’ve never heard of this herbaceous beauty, you’re not alone – this native gem tends to fly under the radar in most gardening circles, despite its legitimate place in North American flora.

What Exactly is Villalba?

Villalba is a perennial forb, which is simply a fancy way of saying it’s a non-woody flowering plant that comes back year after year. Unlike shrubs or trees, this herbaceous plant lacks significant woody tissue above ground, instead relying on underground structures to survive through seasons and regenerate each growing period.

Botanically speaking, you might also encounter this plant listed under its synonym Eupatorium iresinoides Kunth, though Condylidium iresinoides appears to be the currently accepted scientific name.

Where Does Villalba Call Home?

This native species has quite a limited natural range, making it something of a botanical treasure. Villalba is indigenous to just two locations: Florida and Puerto Rico. This restricted distribution immediately tells us a few important things about the plant – it likely prefers warm, subtropical to tropical conditions and may have very specific habitat requirements.

Should You Plant Villalba in Your Garden?

Here’s where things get interesting – and a bit challenging. While villalba is undeniably a legitimate native species worthy of conservation and cultivation, finding detailed growing information or even plant sources can be quite difficult. This rarity in cultivation doesn’t necessarily mean you shouldn’t grow it, but it does mean you’ll need to do some detective work.

The Mystery of Growing Conditions

Unfortunately, specific growing requirements for villalba remain largely undocumented in mainstream horticultural literature. However, we can make some educated guesses based on its native range:

  • Climate preferences likely lean toward warm, subtropical to tropical conditions
  • USDA hardiness zones probably range from 9-11, given its Florida and Puerto Rico origins
  • As a native of these regions, it may prefer consistent moisture without waterlogging
  • Soil preferences remain unknown but likely align with typical conditions in its native habitats

The Challenge and Opportunity

Growing villalba presents both challenges and opportunities for the adventurous gardener. On one hand, the lack of readily available information and plant sources makes this a difficult species to obtain and cultivate successfully. On the other hand, if you’re passionate about native plant conservation and have access to responsibly sourced material, you could be contributing to the preservation of a lesser-known native species.

What We Don’t Know (But Wish We Did)

The gaps in our knowledge about villalba are substantial. We don’t currently have reliable information about:

  • Specific pollinator relationships or wildlife benefits
  • Detailed aesthetic characteristics like flower color, size, or bloom time
  • Mature plant dimensions or growth rate
  • Preferred soil types or pH requirements
  • Propagation methods or seed availability
  • Potential garden companions or landscape uses

The Bottom Line

Villalba represents one of those fascinating botanical mysteries that remind us how much we still have to learn about our native flora. While it may not be the easiest plant to add to your garden right now, it serves as a perfect example of why supporting native plant research and conservation matters.

If you’re determined to work with native species from Florida or Puerto Rico, you might want to start with better-documented alternatives while keeping an eye out for more information about villalba. Sometimes the best gardening adventures begin with the plants that make us work a little harder to understand them.

Who knows? Maybe you’ll be the gardener who helps bring villalba into broader cultivation and shares its secrets with the rest of us.

Villalba

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Asterales

Family

Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Presl - Aster family

Genus

Condylidium R.M. King & H. Rob. - villalba

Species

Condylidium iresinoides (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob. - villalba

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA