North America Native Plant

Vervain

Botanical name: Verbena ×moechina

USDA symbol: VEMO

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Vervain (Verbena ×moechina): A Native Hybrid Worth Knowing If you’re exploring native plants for your garden and stumbled across Verbena ×moechina, you’ve discovered something of a botanical mystery. This native vervain hybrid is one of those plants that keeps a low profile in the gardening world, but that doesn’t mean ...

Vervain (Verbena ×moechina): A Native Hybrid Worth Knowing

If you’re exploring native plants for your garden and stumbled across Verbena ×moechina, you’ve discovered something of a botanical mystery. This native vervain hybrid is one of those plants that keeps a low profile in the gardening world, but that doesn’t mean it lacks charm or value for the right gardener.

What Exactly Is Verbena ×moechina?

Verbena ×moechina is a hybrid vervain species native to the lower 48 United States. The × in its name is the botanical way of telling us this is a natural hybrid—a cross between two other Verbena species that occurred in the wild. Like other vervains, it’s classified as a forb, which is simply a fancy term for an herbaceous flowering plant that isn’t a grass or grass-like plant.

This plant can behave as either an annual or perennial depending on growing conditions, giving it some flexibility in how it fits into your garden’s rhythm. As a forb, it lacks woody stems and instead puts its energy into producing flowers and seeds rather than building substantial above-ground woody structure.

Where Does This Vervain Call Home?

Verbena ×moechina has established itself across a broad swath of the American Midwest and South. You’ll find it naturally growing in Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Mississippi, Missouri, Ohio, Oklahoma, Tennessee, and Wisconsin. This wide distribution suggests it’s a fairly adaptable plant that can handle various regional growing conditions.

Should You Plant Vervain in Your Garden?

Here’s where things get a bit tricky. While Verbena ×moechina is undoubtedly a legitimate native plant worthy of consideration, specific information about its garden performance, appearance, and growing requirements is surprisingly scarce in horticultural literature. This could be because:

  • It’s a naturally occurring hybrid that hasn’t been widely cultivated
  • It may be similar enough to its parent species that gardeners typically choose those instead
  • It might be relatively uncommon even within its native range

The Vervain Family Advantage

While we can’t speak specifically to Verbena ×moechina’s garden performance, we do know that vervains as a group offer several benefits to native plant gardens. Most vervains are excellent pollinator plants, attracting butterflies, bees, and other beneficial insects. They typically prefer full sun and well-draining soils, and many are quite drought-tolerant once established.

A Word of Caution for the Curious Gardener

If you’re intrigued by this hybrid vervain, proceed with realistic expectations. The limited information available means you’d essentially be experimenting in your garden. This could be exciting for adventurous gardeners who enjoy trying something different, but frustrating for those who prefer well-documented plant choices.

Better-Known Vervain Alternatives

If you’re drawn to the idea of growing native vervains, consider these well-established alternatives:

  • Blue Vervain (Verbena hastata) – A tall, striking perennial with purple-blue flower spikes
  • White Vervain (Verbena urticifolia) – A more delicate-looking species with small white flowers
  • Purple Top Vervain (Verbena bonariensis) – Though not native, it’s beloved by pollinators

The Bottom Line

Verbena ×moechina represents the fascinating complexity of native plant communities, where species naturally hybridize and create new combinations. While it may not be the most practical choice for most gardens due to limited cultivation information, it serves as a reminder that there are still botanical mysteries right in our own backyards.

If you do encounter this plant in the wild during your travels through the Midwest or South, take a moment to appreciate this native hybrid—just don’t expect to find it at your local nursery anytime soon!

Vervain

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Lamiales

Family

Verbenaceae J. St.-Hil. - Verbena family

Genus

Verbena L. - vervain

Species

Verbena ×moechina Moldenke [simplex × stricta] - vervain

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA