North America Native Plant

Vermilacinia Laevigata

Botanical name: Vermilacinia laevigata

USDA symbol: VELA9

Habit: lichen

Native status: Native to North America  

Synonyms: Niebla laevigata Rundel & Bowler (NILA2)   

Vermilacinia laevigata: The Smooth Vermilion Lichen You Might Spot in Coastal Gardens If you’ve ever wandered along the California coast and noticed peculiar gray-green, branching structures clinging to rocks or growing from sandy soil, you might have encountered Vermilacinia laevigata. This fascinating organism isn’t actually a plant at all—it’s a ...

Vermilacinia laevigata: The Smooth Vermilion Lichen You Might Spot in Coastal Gardens

If you’ve ever wandered along the California coast and noticed peculiar gray-green, branching structures clinging to rocks or growing from sandy soil, you might have encountered Vermilacinia laevigata. This fascinating organism isn’t actually a plant at all—it’s a lichen, and it’s got some pretty interesting secrets to share!

What Exactly Is Vermilacinia laevigata?

Vermilacinia laevigata, also known by its synonym Niebla laevigata, is a fruticose (shrub-like) lichen native to North America. Unlike plants, lichens are actually a partnership between fungi and algae, working together in one of nature’s most successful collaborations. This particular species forms small, cushion-like clumps with intricate branching patterns that can be quite beautiful when you take a closer look.

Where You’ll Find This Coastal Character

This lichen calls the coastal regions of California and Baja California, Mexico, its home. It thrives in the unique conditions created by coastal fog, salt spray, and the mild Mediterranean climate of these areas. You’ll typically spot it growing on rocks, sandy soil, or sometimes even on coastal shrubs in scrubland environments.

Is It Beneficial to Have Around?

While you can’t exactly plant Vermilacinia laevigata in your garden like a traditional flower or shrub, having it naturally present in your coastal landscape is actually a wonderful thing! Here’s why:

  • It’s an indicator of good air quality—lichens are sensitive to pollution
  • It helps prevent soil erosion with its root-like structures
  • It adds unique texture and visual interest to natural landscapes
  • It’s part of the native ecosystem and supports biodiversity

How to Identify Vermilacinia laevigata

Spotting this lichen is easier once you know what to look for:

  • Color: Gray-green to pale greenish-gray
  • Structure: Branching, shrub-like growth forming small cushions
  • Texture: Relatively smooth (hence laevigata, meaning smooth)
  • Size: Forms clumps typically a few inches across
  • Habitat: Rocky coastal areas, sandy soils, coastal scrub environments

What This Means for Your Garden

If you’re lucky enough to have Vermilacinia laevigata naturally occurring in your coastal garden or property, consider yourself fortunate! This means you have healthy air quality and are providing habitat for native species. The best thing you can do is simply let it be.

Since this is a lichen rather than a plant, you can’t propagate or cultivate it using traditional gardening methods. It requires very specific environmental conditions—coastal fog, clean air, appropriate substrate, and the right balance of moisture and drying cycles that occur naturally in its native habitat.

Creating Lichen-Friendly Spaces

While you can’t plant lichens directly, you can create conditions that might encourage them to establish naturally:

  • Avoid using pesticides or fertilizers in areas where lichens might grow
  • Leave natural rock outcroppings undisturbed
  • Maintain good air quality around your property
  • Allow for natural moisture cycles without excessive irrigation

Remember, lichens like Vermilacinia laevigata are living indicators of environmental health. Their presence tells you that your coastal ecosystem is functioning well, so the best approach is to appreciate them as the fascinating, beneficial organisms they are!

Vermilacinia Laevigata

Classification

Group

Lichen

Kingdom

Fungi - Fungi

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Ascomycota - Sac fungi

Subdivision
Class

Ascomycetes

Subclass
Order

Lecanorales

Family

Ramalinaceae C. Agardh

Genus

Vermilacinia Spjut & Hale

Species

Vermilacinia laevigata (Rundel & Bowler) Spjut

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA