North America Native Plant

Vermejo Phlox

Botanical name: Phlox vermejoensis

USDA symbol: PHVE2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Vermejo Phlox: A Rare Mountain Treasure That Needs Our Protection Meet the Vermejo phlox (Phlox vermejoensis), one of New Mexico’s most precious and endangered native wildflowers. This little-known perennial is so rare that most gardeners will never encounter it in the wild, let alone in cultivation. But understanding this plant’s ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S1: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘

Vermejo Phlox: A Rare Mountain Treasure That Needs Our Protection

Meet the Vermejo phlox (Phlox vermejoensis), one of New Mexico’s most precious and endangered native wildflowers. This little-known perennial is so rare that most gardeners will never encounter it in the wild, let alone in cultivation. But understanding this plant’s story helps us appreciate the incredible diversity of native species that call our landscapes home.

What Makes Vermejo Phlox Special?

The Vermejo phlox is a perennial forb, meaning it’s an herbaceous flowering plant that returns year after year without developing woody stems. As a member of the beloved phlox family, it likely produces clusters of small, colorful flowers that would be right at home in any wildflower garden – if only it weren’t so incredibly rare.

Where Does It Call Home?

This special phlox is endemic to New Mexico, found nowhere else on Earth. Its very name tells its story – vermejoensis refers to the Vermejo area where it was discovered. Talk about a true local native!

The Rarity Reality Check

Here’s where things get serious, fellow plant lovers. Vermejo phlox carries a Global Conservation Status of S1, which means it’s critically imperiled. In conservation speak, that translates to:

  • Typically 5 or fewer known populations in the wild
  • Very few remaining individuals (fewer than 1,000 total)
  • Extremely vulnerable to extinction

This isn’t just rare – it’s hanging on by a botanical thread.

Should You Plant Vermejo Phlox?

In most cases, the answer is a gentle but firm no. This isn’t because Vermejo phlox wouldn’t make a lovely garden addition (it probably would!), but because of its critical conservation status. Here’s why responsible gardeners should think twice:

  • Wild collection could push remaining populations toward extinction
  • Seeds and plants aren’t commercially available through typical nursery channels
  • Its specific growing requirements are largely unknown
  • Conservation efforts should take priority over cultivation

Supporting Conservation Instead

If you’re passionate about rare native plants like Vermejo phlox, consider these alternatives:

  • Support botanical gardens and conservation organizations working to protect endangered species
  • Plant other New Mexico native phlox species that are more stable
  • Participate in citizen science projects that help monitor rare plant populations
  • Create habitat gardens that support the broader ecosystem these rare plants depend on

The Bigger Picture

While most of us won’t be growing Vermejo phlox in our gardens anytime soon, its story reminds us why native plant gardening matters. Every common native species we choose to plant helps support the complex web of relationships that rare species like this one depend on. Pollinators, soil organisms, and wildlife connections all play a role in keeping our botanical heritage alive.

Sometimes the most powerful thing we can do for a rare plant is simply to know it exists, respect its space in the wild, and work to protect the habitat it calls home. The Vermejo phlox may be small and critically rare, but its story is a big reminder of the precious diversity hiding in our native landscapes.

Vermejo Phlox

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Solanales

Family

Polemoniaceae Juss. - Phlox family

Genus

Phlox L. - phlox

Species

Phlox vermejoensis B.S. Legler - Vermejo phlox

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA