North America Native Plant

Typha ×bethulona

Botanical name: Typha ×bethulona

USDA symbol: TYBE

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Typha ×provincialis A. Camus (TYPR2)   

Typha ×bethulona: The Mysterious Native Cattail Hybrid If you’re a native plant enthusiast who loves a good botanical mystery, Typha ×bethulona might just pique your interest. This elusive cattail hybrid is one of those plants that reminds us how much we still don’t know about our native flora – and ...

Typha ×bethulona: The Mysterious Native Cattail Hybrid

If you’re a native plant enthusiast who loves a good botanical mystery, Typha ×bethulona might just pique your interest. This elusive cattail hybrid is one of those plants that reminds us how much we still don’t know about our native flora – and sometimes that’s part of the charm!

What We Know About This Enigmatic Plant

Typha ×bethulona is a perennial hybrid cattail that’s native to the United States. As a forb (basically a fancy term for a non-woody plant), it lacks the thick, woody stems you’d find on shrubs or trees. Instead, it’s an herbaceous plant that dies back to the ground each year and regrows from its root system.

This plant is also known by the synonym Typha ×provincialis A. Camus, though finding either name in your local nursery catalog is about as likely as spotting a unicorn in your backyard.

Where You’ll Find It (If You’re Lucky)

This rare hybrid has been documented in just six states: Arkansas, California, Florida, Missouri, Nebraska, and North Carolina. That’s quite a scattered distribution, suggesting this plant is either extremely adaptable or extremely rare – and the smart money’s on rare.

A True Water Baby

Here’s what we do know for certain about Typha ×bethulona: it absolutely loves water. This plant has Obligate Wetland status across all regions where it’s found, which is botanical speak for this plant is practically a fish. It almost always occurs in wetlands, so if you’re thinking about adding it to your xeriscape garden, think again!

This wetland requirement means you’ll find it in:

  • Marshes and swamps
  • Pond edges
  • Wet meadows
  • Seasonal wetlands

Should You Try Growing It?

Here’s where things get tricky. While Typha ×bethulona is native and not invasive, it’s also incredibly difficult to find. Most nurseries don’t carry it, and there’s limited information about its specific growing requirements, propagation methods, or even what it looks like compared to other cattails.

If you’re determined to work with native cattails in your wetland garden, you might have better luck with more common native species like:

  • Typha latifolia (Broad-leaved Cattail)
  • Typha angustifolia (Narrow-leaved Cattail)
  • Typha domingensis (Southern Cattail)

The Growing Challenge

If you somehow manage to source Typha ×bethulona, remember that it needs consistently wet conditions. Think bog garden, rain garden, or pond edge – not your average perennial border. The plant requires soil that stays saturated or even flooded for much of the growing season.

Without specific hardiness zone information available, your best bet is to research what zones the documented populations grow in and use that as a guide for your own garden.

The Bottom Line

Typha ×bethulona represents one of those fascinating gaps in our horticultural knowledge. While it’s a legitimate native plant that could theoretically be a great addition to wetland restoration projects, the lack of available information and plant material makes it more of a botanical curiosity than a practical garden choice.

For most gardeners interested in native wetland plants, focusing on the more readily available and well-documented cattail species will give you better results and more reliable information. Sometimes the most mysterious plants are best admired from afar – at least until we know more about how to grow them successfully!

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Arid West

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Great Plains

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Midwest

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Western Mountains, Valleys, and Coast

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Typha ×bethulona

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Typhales

Family

Typhaceae Juss. - Cat-tail family

Genus

Typha L. - cattail

Species

Typha ×bethulona Costa [domingensis × latifolia]

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA