North America Native Plant

Tuckermannopsis Subalpina

Botanical name: Tuckermannopsis subalpina

USDA symbol: TUSU

Habit: lichen

Native status: Native to North America  

Synonyms: Cetraria arborealis (G. Merr.) Howard (CEAR9)  ⚘  Cetraria subalpina Imshaug (CESU60)   

Tuckermannopsis subalpina: The Alpine Lichen You’ll Want to Know If you’ve ever wandered through mountainous forests and noticed crusty, grayish patches adorning tree bark and rocky surfaces, you may have encountered Tuckermannopsis subalpina. This fascinating organism isn’t a plant at all—it’s a lichen, and understanding what it is can give ...

Tuckermannopsis subalpina: The Alpine Lichen You’ll Want to Know

If you’ve ever wandered through mountainous forests and noticed crusty, grayish patches adorning tree bark and rocky surfaces, you may have encountered Tuckermannopsis subalpina. This fascinating organism isn’t a plant at all—it’s a lichen, and understanding what it is can give you a whole new appreciation for the complex ecosystems right in your backyard.

What Exactly Is Tuckermannopsis subalpina?

Tuckermannopsis subalpina is a foliose lichen native to North America. You might also see it referenced by its scientific synonyms, Cetraria arborealis or Cetraria subalpina, but don’t let the multiple names confuse you—they’re all talking about the same remarkable organism.

Here’s where things get interesting: lichens aren’t plants, fungi, or animals. They’re actually a partnership between a fungus and an algae (or sometimes cyanobacteria) living together in perfect harmony. Think of it as nature’s ultimate roommate situation—the fungus provides structure and protection, while the algae photosynthesizes and shares the food it makes.

Where You’ll Find This Alpine Beauty

As its name suggests, Tuckermannopsis subalpina thrives in subalpine and alpine regions across North America. You’ll typically spot it in mountainous areas where the air is crisp and clean, growing on tree bark and rocky surfaces in natural forest environments.

What Does It Look Like?

Identifying Tuckermannopsis subalpina is easier once you know what to look for:

  • Forms crusty, leafy patches that can spread across surfaces
  • Color ranges from brownish-gray to yellowish-green
  • Has a foliose (leaf-like) structure rather than being completely flat
  • Grows directly on tree bark and rock substrates
  • Often found in cooler, higher-elevation environments

Is It Beneficial to Your Garden?

While you can’t plant or cultivate Tuckermannopsis subalpina in your garden like a traditional plant, its presence is actually a wonderful sign! Lichens are incredibly sensitive to air pollution, so finding them in your area indicates clean, healthy air quality.

If you’re lucky enough to have this lichen growing naturally on trees or rocks on your property, consider it a badge of environmental honor. These organisms:

  • Serve as natural air quality indicators
  • Provide food for various wildlife species
  • Help prevent soil erosion when growing on rocks
  • Add natural texture and interest to tree bark and stone surfaces

Can You Grow It?

Here’s the thing about lichens—you can’t really grow them like traditional garden plants. Tuckermannopsis subalpina and other lichens have very specific requirements and grow incredibly slowly. They establish themselves naturally when conditions are just right, which includes factors like:

  • Clean air quality
  • Appropriate humidity levels
  • The right substrate (bark or rock type)
  • Suitable temperature ranges
  • Time—lots and lots of time

Instead of trying to cultivate lichens, the best approach is to create conditions that support their natural establishment. Keep your property free of air pollutants, avoid unnecessary chemical treatments on trees, and maintain natural forest-like conditions if possible.

Appreciate What You Have

If you discover Tuckermannopsis subalpina growing naturally in your landscape, take a moment to appreciate this remarkable partnership between fungus and algae. It’s a sign that your local ecosystem is healthy and functioning well. Rather than trying to remove or alter these natural formations, consider them living artwork that adds authenticity and ecological value to your outdoor spaces.

Remember, lichens like Tuckermannopsis subalpina are slow-growing and sensitive organisms. They’re indicators of environmental health and deserve our respect and protection as valuable members of North America’s native ecosystems.

Tuckermannopsis Subalpina

Classification

Group

Lichen

Kingdom

Fungi - Fungi

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Ascomycota - Sac fungi

Subdivision
Class

Ascomycetes

Subclass
Order

Lecanorales

Family

Parmeliaceae F. Berchtold & J. Presl

Genus

Tuckermannopsis Gyel. - tuckermannopsis lichen

Species

Tuckermannopsis subalpina (Imshaug) Karnefelt

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA