North America Native Plant

Tropical Whitetop

Botanical name: Rhynchospora radicans

USDA symbol: RHRA4

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Hawaii âš˜ Native to Puerto Rico âš˜ Native to the U.S. Virgin Islands  

Tropical Whitetop: A Wetland Sedge for Specialized Gardens If you’re drawn to the idea of creating a wetland garden or restoring a natural area, you might encounter tropical whitetop (Rhynchospora radicans) in your plant research. This humble sedge won’t win any beauty contests, but it has its place in the ...

Tropical Whitetop: A Wetland Sedge for Specialized Gardens

If you’re drawn to the idea of creating a wetland garden or restoring a natural area, you might encounter tropical whitetop (Rhynchospora radicans) in your plant research. This humble sedge won’t win any beauty contests, but it has its place in the right garden setting.

What Is Tropical Whitetop?

Tropical whitetop is a perennial sedge that belongs to the diverse world of grass-like plants. Don’t let the name fool you – it’s not actually a grass, but rather a member of the sedge family. This plant produces small, inconspicuous white flower clusters that give it its whitetop moniker, though you’ll need to look closely to appreciate them.

Where Does It Come From?

This sedge calls the Caribbean home, with Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands being its native stomping grounds. However, it has also established itself in Hawaii, where it grows and reproduces on its own in the wild. The plant thrives in tropical and subtropical climates, making it suitable for USDA hardiness zones 9-11.

Should You Plant Tropical Whitetop?

The honest answer is: it depends on your goals and location. Here’s what you should consider:

The Case for Planting It

  • Perfect for wetland restoration projects in its native range
  • Excellent choice for rain gardens that need plants tolerating wet conditions
  • Low maintenance once established
  • Provides habitat structure for small wildlife
  • Helps with soil stabilization in wet areas

The Case Against It

  • Limited ornamental value – it’s more functional than beautiful
  • If you’re outside its native range, consider local native alternatives instead
  • May self-seed more than desired in ideal conditions

Growing Tropical Whitetop Successfully

If you decide this sedge fits your garden vision, here’s how to help it thrive:

Ideal Growing Conditions

  • Moisture: Prefers consistently moist to wet soil conditions
  • Light: Grows well in full sun to partial shade
  • Soil: Tolerates various soil types as long as they retain moisture
  • Water: Can handle periodic flooding, making it perfect for problem wet spots

Planting and Care Tips

  • Plant in spring after the last frost in your area
  • Space plants according to your coverage goals – they may spread naturally
  • Water regularly until established, then let natural rainfall take over
  • Minimal fertilization needed – these plants prefer lean conditions
  • Little to no pruning required

Garden Design Ideas

Tropical whitetop works best in specialized garden settings rather than traditional ornamental borders. Consider it for:

  • Wetland restoration areas
  • Rain gardens and bioswales
  • Pond or stream margins
  • Native plant gardens (in appropriate regions)
  • Areas with drainage problems

A Word About Native Alternatives

If you’re gardening outside of Puerto Rico or the U.S. Virgin Islands, consider researching native sedges and wetland plants in your area first. Many regions have their own beautiful native Rhynchospora species or other wetland plants that provide similar ecological benefits while supporting local ecosystems.

The Bottom Line

Tropical whitetop isn’t going to be the star of your garden show, but it can be a reliable supporting player in the right setting. If you’re working on wetland restoration, dealing with consistently wet soil, or creating habitat in appropriate climate zones, this sedge can earn its place. Just remember to think locally first – your native plant alternatives might surprise you with their beauty and ecological value.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Caribbean

FAC

Facultative - Plants with this status can occur in wetlands and non-wetlands

Hawaii

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Tropical Whitetop

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Cyperaceae Juss. - Sedge family

Genus

Rhynchospora Vahl - beaksedge

Species

Rhynchospora radicans (Schltdl. & Cham.) H. Pfeifer - tropical whitetop

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA