North America Native Plant

Tropical Thoroughwort

Botanical name: Fleischmannia microstemon

USDA symbol: FLMI

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico  

Synonyms: Eupatorium microstemon Cass. (EUMI8)   

Tropical Thoroughwort: A Native Puerto Rican Wildflower Worth Knowing If you’re gardening in Puerto Rico and looking to support native biodiversity, you might want to get acquainted with tropical thoroughwort (Fleischmannia microstemon). This unassuming native annual belongs to the vast and diverse aster family, bringing a bit of wild authenticity ...

Tropical Thoroughwort: A Native Puerto Rican Wildflower Worth Knowing

If you’re gardening in Puerto Rico and looking to support native biodiversity, you might want to get acquainted with tropical thoroughwort (Fleischmannia microstemon). This unassuming native annual belongs to the vast and diverse aster family, bringing a bit of wild authenticity to island gardens.

What Exactly Is Tropical Thoroughwort?

Tropical thoroughwort is a native Puerto Rican forb – essentially a non-woody flowering plant that completes its entire life cycle in one growing season. As an annual, it germinates, grows, flowers, sets seed, and dies all within a single year, making it a dynamic addition to gardens that appreciate seasonal change.

You might occasionally see this plant listed under its scientific synonym, Eupatorium microstemon, particularly in older botanical references. But whether you call it by its current name or its former designation, you’re looking at a genuine piece of Puerto Rico’s natural heritage.

Where Does It Call Home?

This little native is exclusively found in Puerto Rico, making it a true island endemic. Its natural range is limited to this Caribbean gem, where it has evolved to thrive in the local climate and ecosystem conditions.

Why Consider Growing Tropical Thoroughwort?

There are several compelling reasons to give this native plant a spot in your Puerto Rican garden:

  • Native authenticity: Supporting indigenous plants helps maintain local ecosystem balance and provides resources for native wildlife
  • Low maintenance potential: As a native species, it should be naturally adapted to local growing conditions
  • Annual interest: Its yearly life cycle means you can experiment with different planting locations and combinations
  • Conservation value: Growing native plants helps preserve Puerto Rico’s unique botanical heritage

The Reality Check: What We Don’t Know

Here’s where we need to be honest – tropical thoroughwort is one of those native plants that hasn’t received much attention in gardening circles. Detailed information about its specific growing requirements, mature size, flower characteristics, and cultivation needs is surprisingly scarce. This isn’t uncommon with lesser-known native species, but it does mean that growing it successfully might require some experimentation and observation on your part.

General Growing Guidance

While specific cultivation information for Fleischmannia microstemon is limited, we can make some educated assumptions based on its classification and native status:

  • Climate: Being native to Puerto Rico, it’s adapted to tropical conditions and likely thrives in warm, humid environments
  • Soil: Most native forbs prefer well-draining soil; avoiding waterlogged conditions is usually a safe bet
  • Sunlight: Many plants in the aster family appreciate full to partial sun, though local conditions may vary
  • Water: As a native, it should be adapted to local rainfall patterns, likely preferring consistent moisture without being waterlogged

A Plant for the Adventurous Gardener

Tropical thoroughwort might be perfect for gardeners who enjoy the challenge of working with lesser-known native species. It could work well in:

  • Native plant gardens focused on Puerto Rican flora
  • Wildlife habitat restoration projects
  • Educational gardens showcasing local biodiversity
  • Naturalized areas where you’re encouraging wild plant communities

The Bottom Line

While tropical thoroughwort may not be the most documented or widely available native plant, it represents an opportunity to support Puerto Rico’s unique botanical heritage. If you can source seeds or plants responsibly, this annual forb could add authentic native character to your garden while supporting local ecosystem health.

Just remember – working with lesser-known natives often means becoming a bit of a plant detective yourself. Pay attention to where you find it growing naturally, observe its preferences, and don’t be afraid to experiment. Sometimes the most rewarding gardening experiences come from getting to know the quiet, unsung heroes of the plant world.

Tropical Thoroughwort

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Asterales

Family

Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Presl - Aster family

Genus

Fleischmannia Sch. Bip. - thoroughwort

Species

Fleischmannia microstemon (Cass.) R.M. King & H. Rob. - tropical thoroughwort

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA