North America Native Plant

Tropical Beaksedge

Botanical name: Rhynchospora contracta

USDA symbol: RHCO19

Life cycle: annual

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico  

Synonyms: Rhynchospora micrantha auct. non Vahl (RHMI6)   

Tropical Beaksedge: A Hidden Gem for Caribbean Gardens If you’re looking to add authentic Caribbean flair to your garden while supporting local ecosystems, let me introduce you to tropical beaksedge (Rhynchospora contracta). This unassuming little sedge might not win any beauty contests, but it’s a hardworking native that deserves a ...

Tropical Beaksedge: A Hidden Gem for Caribbean Gardens

If you’re looking to add authentic Caribbean flair to your garden while supporting local ecosystems, let me introduce you to tropical beaksedge (Rhynchospora contracta). This unassuming little sedge might not win any beauty contests, but it’s a hardworking native that deserves a spot in Puerto Rican gardens and other tropical landscapes.

What Is Tropical Beaksedge?

Tropical beaksedge is an annual sedge that belongs to the same family as its more famous cousin, papyrus. Don’t let the grass-like description fool you though – this is actually a member of the sedge family (Cyperaceae), which you can remember by the old gardener’s rhyme: sedges have edges (referring to their triangular stems). As an annual plant, tropical beaksedge completes its entire life cycle in one growing season, making it a reliable self-seeding addition to naturalistic gardens.

Where Does It Call Home?

This charming little sedge is native to Puerto Rico, where it has evolved to thrive in the island’s unique climate and growing conditions. Its natural range makes it perfectly adapted to tropical and subtropical environments.

Why Choose Tropical Beaksedge for Your Garden?

While tropical beaksedge won’t stop traffic with showy flowers, it brings several valuable qualities to the garden:

  • Authentic native appeal: Supporting native plants helps preserve Puerto Rico’s natural heritage
  • Low maintenance: Once established, it requires minimal care
  • Ecological benefits: Provides habitat and food sources for local wildlife
  • Natural ground cover: Fills in spaces with fine-textured foliage
  • Self-seeding: As an annual, it will reseed itself in suitable conditions

Perfect Garden Companions

Tropical beaksedge shines brightest in naturalistic settings rather than formal flower borders. Consider incorporating it into:

  • Native plant gardens showcasing Puerto Rican flora
  • Rain gardens and bioswales
  • Wetland restoration projects
  • Informal meadow-style plantings
  • Wildlife habitat gardens

Growing Tropical Beaksedge Successfully

The good news? Tropical beaksedge is refreshingly easy to grow if you can meet its basic needs.

Climate Requirements

This tropical native thrives in USDA hardiness zones 10-11, making it ideal for Puerto Rico and similar warm climates. It cannot tolerate frost, so gardeners in cooler areas would need to treat it as a container plant brought indoors during winter.

Light and Soil Preferences

Tropical beaksedge adapts well to various light conditions, from full sun to partial shade. The key to success lies in providing consistent moisture – this sedge prefers moist to wet soils and will struggle in dry conditions. If your garden tends to be on the dry side, consider planting it in low-lying areas where water naturally collects, or near downspouts and water features.

Planting and Care Tips

  • Timing: Plant seeds at the beginning of the wet season for best establishment
  • Soil prep: Ensure good drainage despite moisture needs – soggy, stagnant water can cause problems
  • Spacing: Allow plants room to self-seed by not crowding them initially
  • Watering: Maintain consistent moisture, especially during establishment
  • Fertilizing: Generally unnecessary – native plants typically don’t need supplemental feeding

A Note on Sourcing

As with any native plant, it’s important to source tropical beaksedge seeds or plants from reputable suppliers who collect responsibly. This helps ensure genetic diversity and doesn’t impact wild populations.

The Bottom Line

Tropical beaksedge may not be the flashiest plant in the garden center, but for gardeners committed to supporting native ecosystems and creating authentic Caribbean landscapes, it’s a worthy addition. Its low-maintenance nature and self-seeding habit make it perfect for naturalistic gardens where it can quietly do its job of supporting local wildlife while adding fine-textured interest to plantings.

Sometimes the best garden plants are the ones that work behind the scenes, and tropical beaksedge fits that bill perfectly. Give this humble native a try – your local ecosystem will thank you for it!

Tropical Beaksedge

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Cyperaceae Juss. - Sedge family

Genus

Rhynchospora Vahl - beaksedge

Species

Rhynchospora contracta (Nees) J. Raynal - tropical beaksedge

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA