North America Native Plant

Trans-pecos Milkvine

Botanical name: Matelea texensis

USDA symbol: MATE10

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: vine

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Trans-Pecos Milkvine: A Rare Texas Native Worth Protecting Meet the Trans-Pecos milkvine (Matelea texensis), one of Texas’s most elusive climbing plants. This rare perennial vine might not win any beauty contests with its modest greenish flowers, but what it lacks in showiness, it more than makes up for in conservation ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S1: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘

Trans-Pecos Milkvine: A Rare Texas Native Worth Protecting

Meet the Trans-Pecos milkvine (Matelea texensis), one of Texas’s most elusive climbing plants. This rare perennial vine might not win any beauty contests with its modest greenish flowers, but what it lacks in showiness, it more than makes up for in conservation value and ecological importance.

What Makes This Plant Special?

The Trans-Pecos milkvine is a critically imperiled native species found only in the Trans-Pecos region of West Texas. With a Global Conservation Status of S1, this means there are typically only five or fewer known populations in the wild, with very few remaining individuals. When you spot one of these vines, you’re looking at botanical royalty – a true Texas treasure that desperately needs our help.

Where Does It Call Home?

This climbing vine is endemic to Texas, specifically the Trans-Pecos region in the western part of the state. It’s perfectly adapted to the harsh desert conditions of this unique landscape, where it scrambles over shrubs and small trees in search of support and sunlight.

What Does It Look Like?

Trans-Pecos milkvine is a twining, climbing perennial that can have either woody or herbaceous stems depending on growing conditions. The plant produces heart-shaped leaves and small, inconspicuous greenish flowers that won’t stop traffic but serve an important ecological purpose. Like other milkvines, it produces a milky sap when cut or damaged.

Why Consider Growing It?

While Trans-Pecos milkvine might not be the most eye-catching plant in your garden, there are compelling reasons to consider it:

  • Conservation impact: Growing this rare species helps preserve Texas’s natural heritage
  • Wildlife support: The flowers attract native pollinators like small bees and flies
  • Drought tolerance: Once established, it thrives with minimal water
  • Unique character: Adds authentic Texas charm to native plant gardens
  • Vertical interest: Provides natural screening and climbing structure

Growing Conditions and Care

Trans-Pecos milkvine is surprisingly adaptable for such a rare plant, but it does have specific preferences:

  • Sunlight: Full sun to partial shade
  • Soil: Well-draining soil is essential – this plant hates wet feet
  • Water: Drought tolerant once established; minimal watering needed
  • Hardiness zones: USDA zones 7-9
  • Support: Needs a trellis, fence, or shrub to climb on

Perfect Garden Settings

This vine works beautifully in:

  • Native plant gardens focused on Texas species
  • Xeriscapes and drought-tolerant landscapes
  • Wildlife gardens supporting native pollinators
  • Natural screening applications where you need vertical growth

Important Conservation Note

Here’s the crucial part: if you’re interested in growing Trans-Pecos milkvine, you must source it responsibly. Never collect plants from the wild – this could further endanger the already critically low populations. Instead, work with reputable native plant nurseries that propagate from legally obtained seeds or cuttings. Some conservation organizations may also have propagation programs you can support.

The Bottom Line

Trans-Pecos milkvine might not be the flashiest addition to your garden, but it offers something far more valuable – a chance to participate in conservation right in your own backyard. By growing this rare Texas native, you’re helping preserve a piece of our natural heritage while creating habitat for native wildlife. Just remember: only plant responsibly sourced specimens, and consider yourself a conservation hero for giving this rare species a helping hand.

Every Trans-Pecos milkvine in cultivation is a victory for biodiversity. Will you be part of the solution?

Trans-pecos Milkvine

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Gentianales

Family

Asclepiadaceae Borkh. - Milkweed family

Genus

Matelea Aubl. - milkvine

Species

Matelea texensis Correll - Trans-Pecos milkvine

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA