North America Native Plant

Trailing Pearlwort

Botanical name: Sagina decumbens decumbens

USDA symbol: SADED

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Canada âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Sagina decumbens (Elliott) Torr. & A. Gray var. smithii (A. Gray) S. Watson (SADES)   

Trailing Pearlwort: A Tiny Ground Cover with Big Garden Potential Meet trailing pearlwort (Sagina decumbens decumbens), a diminutive annual that might just be the unsung hero your garden has been waiting for. This petite plant may not win any beauty contests, but what it lacks in showiness, it makes up ...

Trailing Pearlwort: A Tiny Ground Cover with Big Garden Potential

Meet trailing pearlwort (Sagina decumbens decumbens), a diminutive annual that might just be the unsung hero your garden has been waiting for. This petite plant may not win any beauty contests, but what it lacks in showiness, it makes up for in reliability and charm. Let’s dive into whether this little ground-hugger deserves a spot in your landscape.

What Exactly Is Trailing Pearlwort?

Trailing pearlwort is a low-growing annual forb that forms delicate, carpet-like mats across the ground. Despite its common name, it’s not actually related to true pearlworts in the traditional sense. This plant is also known by the synonym Sagina decumbens var. smithii, so don’t be confused if you see it listed under that name at nurseries.

As an annual, trailing pearlwort completes its entire life cycle in one growing season, though it’s quite good at self-seeding and returning year after year if conditions are right.

Where Does It Come From?

Here’s where things get interesting from a native gardening perspective. Trailing pearlwort is native to the lower 48 United States, with a particularly strong presence in the Southeast. However, it’s considered non-native in Canada, where it has established itself and reproduces without human intervention.

You can find this adaptable little plant growing across a impressive range of states, including Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, and Virginia. It’s even made its way into Canadian provinces like Alberta, New Brunswick, Quebec, and Saskatchewan.

What Does It Look Like?

Don’t expect trailing pearlwort to make a bold statement in your garden. This is a plant that whispers rather than shouts. It forms low, spreading mats with tiny, needle-like leaves that create a fine-textured carpet. The flowers are incredibly small and white, almost insignificant to the casual observer, but they add a delicate touch when you look closely.

The plant stays quite low to the ground, rarely reaching more than a few inches in height, but it can spread to form nice patches over time.

Should You Grow Trailing Pearlwort?

The Case For Growing It

Trailing pearlwort might be perfect for your garden if you’re looking for:

  • A low-maintenance ground cover that doesn’t require fussing
  • Something to fill gaps between stepping stones or in rock gardens
  • A plant that can handle less-than-perfect growing conditions
  • Natural-looking coverage in informal or naturalized garden areas

Things to Consider

Since trailing pearlwort isn’t native everywhere it grows, you might want to consider native alternatives that provide similar benefits while supporting local ecosystems. Some excellent native ground covers to consider include wild ginger, native sedges, or regional moss species, depending on your location.

The flowers are quite small and don’t provide significant benefits to pollinators compared to other native options, so if supporting bees and butterflies is a priority, you might want to look elsewhere.

How to Grow Trailing Pearlwort Successfully

Growing Conditions

One of trailing pearlwort’s best qualities is its adaptability. This little plant can handle a range of conditions, though it tends to prefer:

  • Moist, well-draining soil (but it’s quite drought-tolerant once established)
  • Partial shade to full sun exposure
  • Areas with good air circulation

Planting and Care Tips

Growing trailing pearlwort is refreshingly simple:

  • Planting: Since it readily self-seeds, you can often establish it by scattering seeds in early spring or fall
  • Watering: Water regularly during establishment, then it can generally fend for itself
  • Maintenance: Minimal care required – this is a plant it and forget it kind of species
  • Propagation: Primarily by seed, and it’s quite good at doing this on its own

Best Uses in the Garden

Trailing pearlwort shines in specific garden situations:

  • Rock gardens: Perfect for tucking into crevices and creating natural-looking coverage
  • Pathway edges: Softens hard edges and provides a lived-in look
  • Between pavers: Creates a charming, cottage garden effect
  • Naturalized areas: Adds texture and interest to wild garden spaces

The Bottom Line

Trailing pearlwort is a reliable, low-key ground cover that can fill specific niches in your garden without causing problems. While it may not be native everywhere it grows, it’s not considered invasive or problematic. However, if you’re committed to native-only gardening, consider exploring native alternatives that provide similar ground-covering benefits while supporting local wildlife.

For gardeners who appreciate subtle beauty and low-maintenance plants, trailing pearlwort might just be the perfect addition to your landscape palette. Sometimes the smallest plants make the biggest difference in creating a garden that feels complete and naturally balanced.

Trailing Pearlwort

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Caryophyllidae

Order

Caryophyllales

Family

Caryophyllaceae Juss. - Pink family

Genus

Sagina L. - pearlwort

Species

Sagina decumbens (Elliott) Torr. & A. Gray - trailing pearlwort

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA