North America Native Plant

Toothpetal Monkeyflower

Botanical name: Mimulus dentilobus

USDA symbol: MIDE4

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Mimulus parvulus Wooton & Standl. (MIPA16)   

Toothpetal Monkeyflower: A Rare Wetland Gem for Southwestern Gardens If you’re looking to add a touch of wild beauty to your water garden or bog area, the toothpetal monkeyflower (Mimulus dentilobus) might just be the perfect native plant for you. This charming little perennial brings both ecological value and unique ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S2S3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Toothpetal Monkeyflower: A Rare Wetland Gem for Southwestern Gardens

If you’re looking to add a touch of wild beauty to your water garden or bog area, the toothpetal monkeyflower (Mimulus dentilobus) might just be the perfect native plant for you. This charming little perennial brings both ecological value and unique appeal to wetland gardens across the American Southwest.

What Makes Toothpetal Monkeyflower Special?

The toothpetal monkeyflower is a native forb that’s perfectly adapted to life in consistently wet conditions. As its name suggests, this member of the monkeyflower family produces delightful small flowers with distinctively toothed petals that give it character and charm. Unlike woody shrubs or trees, this herbaceous perennial dies back to ground level each winter, emerging fresh each spring from its underground growing points.

What really sets this plant apart is its rarity. With a Global Conservation Status of S2S3, the toothpetal monkeyflower is considered uncommon to rare throughout its range. This makes it a special addition to any garden, though it comes with the responsibility of sourcing plants ethically.

Where Does It Grow Naturally?

Toothpetal monkeyflower calls the southwestern United States home, naturally occurring in Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. In these regions, you’ll find it thriving in wetland areas where water is abundant year-round.

A Plant That Really Loves Water

Here’s where things get interesting – this isn’t your typical drought-tolerant southwestern native. The toothpetal monkeyflower is classified as an Obligate Wetland plant in both the Arid West and Western Mountains regions. This means it almost always occurs in wetlands and requires consistently moist to wet soil conditions to thrive.

This water-loving nature makes it perfect for:

  • Bog gardens and wetland restorations
  • Areas around ponds or water features
  • Rain gardens in appropriate climates
  • Native plant gardens with supplemental irrigation

Perfect for Pollinator-Friendly Gardens

Like other members of the monkeyflower family, toothpetal monkeyflower produces flowers that attract bees and other small pollinators. The tubular shape of monkeyflower blooms makes them particularly appealing to native bees, adding both beauty and ecological function to your garden space.

Growing Toothpetal Monkeyflower Successfully

Growing this southwestern beauty successfully is all about understanding its water needs and native habitat preferences.

Ideal Growing Conditions:

  • Soil: Consistently moist to wet soils – never let it dry out
  • Light: Full sun to partial shade
  • Hardiness: Suitable for USDA zones 7-9
  • Water: Requires constant moisture; perfect for bog conditions

Planting and Care Tips:

  • Plant in spring after the last frost
  • Choose locations that stay consistently moist
  • Consider installing drip irrigation if natural water sources aren’t available
  • Mulch around plants to help retain soil moisture
  • Allow plants to go dormant naturally in winter

A Word About Responsible Sourcing

Because toothpetal monkeyflower has a rare conservation status, it’s crucial to source plants responsibly. Never collect from wild populations. Instead, look for reputable native plant nurseries that propagate their own stock or participate in conservation seed programs. Some specialized southwestern native plant societies may also have seed or plant exchanges.

Is This Plant Right for Your Garden?

Toothpetal monkeyflower is an excellent choice if you:

  • Live in the southwestern United States (Arizona, New Mexico, or Texas)
  • Have a consistently wet area in your landscape
  • Want to support native pollinators
  • Are creating a bog garden or wetland restoration
  • Appreciate rare and unusual native plants

However, this might not be the best choice if you’re looking for a low-water plant or don’t have the ability to provide consistent moisture. Remember, this is a wetland plant through and through!

The Bottom Line

Toothpetal monkeyflower offers southwestern gardeners a chance to grow something truly special – a rare native plant that brings unique beauty and ecological value to water-rich garden spaces. While it requires specific growing conditions and responsible sourcing, the reward is a distinctive addition to your native plant collection that supports local ecosystems and adds a touch of wild southwestern charm to your landscape.

Just remember: wet feet are a must, and ethical sourcing is essential for this conservation-sensitive beauty!

Toothpetal Monkeyflower

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Scrophulariales

Family

Scrophulariaceae Juss. - Figwort family

Genus

Mimulus L. - monkeyflower

Species

Mimulus dentilobus B.L. Rob. & Fernald - toothpetal monkeyflower

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA