North America Native Plant

Toothleaf Goldeneye

Botanical name: Viguiera dentata var. lancifolia

USDA symbol: VIDEL2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: subshrub

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Toothleaf Goldeneye: A Rare Arizona Native Worth Knowing About Meet the toothleaf goldeneye (Viguiera dentata var. lancifolia), a little-known native perennial that calls Arizona home. While you might not find this plant at your local nursery, it’s worth learning about this rare member of the sunflower family and understanding why ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S5T3?: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Inexact rank: ⚘ Subspecies or variety is vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘

Toothleaf Goldeneye: A Rare Arizona Native Worth Knowing About

Meet the toothleaf goldeneye (Viguiera dentata var. lancifolia), a little-known native perennial that calls Arizona home. While you might not find this plant at your local nursery, it’s worth learning about this rare member of the sunflower family and understanding why it deserves our attention and protection.

What Makes Toothleaf Goldeneye Special?

This herbaceous perennial belongs to the diverse Viguiera genus, known for their bright, daisy-like flowers that bring sunshine to the landscape. As a forb, toothleaf goldeneye lacks the woody stems of shrubs and trees, instead growing as a soft-stemmed plant that returns year after year from its root system.

The dentata part of its scientific name refers to the toothed edges of its leaves, while lancifolia describes the lance-shaped foliage that gives this variety its distinctive appearance.

Where Does It Grow?

Toothleaf goldeneye is native exclusively to Arizona, making it a true regional treasure. This limited distribution contributes to its rarity and the special responsibility we have to protect existing populations.

A Word About Rarity

Here’s something important to know: toothleaf goldeneye has a conservation status that indicates it may be quite rare. With a Global Conservation Status of S5T3?, this plant exists in a somewhat undefined conservation category, which often means scientists need more data to fully understand its population status.

What this means for gardeners: If you’re interested in growing this plant, it’s crucial to source it responsibly. Never collect plants from the wild, and only purchase from reputable native plant nurseries that can guarantee their stock comes from ethically propagated sources.

Should You Grow Toothleaf Goldeneye?

Given its rarity and limited availability, most gardeners will want to consider more readily available alternatives. However, if you:

  • Live in Arizona and want to support rare native plants
  • Have access to responsibly sourced plants
  • Want to contribute to conservation through cultivation

Then toothleaf goldeneye could be a meaningful addition to your native plant collection.

Better Alternatives for Most Gardeners

If you’re drawn to the idea of golden, daisy-like blooms from native Arizona plants, consider these more readily available options:

  • Desert Marigold (Baileya multiradiata) – blooms for months
  • Brittlebush (Encelia farinosa) – drought-tolerant with cheerful yellow flowers
  • Desert Willow (Chilopsis linearis) – for larger spaces
  • Other Viguiera species that are more common

Growing Conditions (General Guidance)

While specific growing requirements for this variety are not well-documented, related Viguiera species typically prefer:

  • Full sun exposure
  • Well-draining soils
  • Low to moderate water once established
  • Hot, dry climates

Supporting Conservation

Whether or not you grow toothleaf goldeneye, you can support rare native plants by:

  • Choosing common native plants for most of your landscaping
  • Supporting organizations that work to conserve rare plants
  • Never collecting plants from wild populations
  • Learning about and appreciating the native plants in your area

The Bottom Line

Toothleaf goldeneye represents the fascinating diversity of Arizona’s native flora, even if most of us will only admire it from afar. By understanding and respecting rare plants like this one, we can make better choices about the common native plants we do grow, creating landscapes that support both beauty and biodiversity.

For most gardeners, focusing on readily available native alternatives will give you the golden blooms and ecological benefits you’re seeking, while leaving the rare toothleaf goldeneye to thrive in its natural habitat and in the hands of dedicated conservationists.

Toothleaf Goldeneye

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Asterales

Family

Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Presl - Aster family

Genus

Viguiera Kunth - goldeneye

Species

Viguiera dentata (Cav.) Spreng. - toothleaf goldeneye

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA