North America Native Plant

Tidal Spikerush

Botanical name: Eleocharis aestuum

USDA symbol: ELAE2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to Canada âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states  

Tidal Spikerush: A Coastal Wetland Gem for Your Garden Meet tidal spikerush (Eleocharis aestuum), a charming little sedge that’s perfectly at home where land meets water. This unassuming perennial might not win any flashy flower contests, but it’s a true champion when it comes to coastal gardening and wetland restoration. ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Tidal Spikerush: A Coastal Wetland Gem for Your Garden

Meet tidal spikerush (Eleocharis aestuum), a charming little sedge that’s perfectly at home where land meets water. This unassuming perennial might not win any flashy flower contests, but it’s a true champion when it comes to coastal gardening and wetland restoration.

What Makes Tidal Spikerush Special?

Don’t let the name fool you – tidal spikerush isn’t actually a rush at all! It’s a member of the sedge family, sporting slender green stems that create a delicate, grass-like texture. While its flowers are small and inconspicuous, this plant’s real beauty lies in its ability to thrive where many others simply can’t survive.

As a native species to both Canada and the lower 48 states, tidal spikerush has been quietly doing its job along our coastlines for centuries. You’ll find it naturally growing in Connecticut, Quebec, Delaware, Maine, New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania.

A Plant Worth Protecting

Here’s something important to know: tidal spikerush has a Global Conservation Status of S3, meaning it’s considered vulnerable. With typically only 21 to 100 occurrences and between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals, this species deserves our attention and protection. If you’re considering adding it to your garden, make sure to source it responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries.

Where Does Tidal Spikerush Belong in Your Landscape?

This plant is the ultimate wetland specialist – and we mean it! Tidal spikerush has an Obligate Wetland status across all its native regions, which means it almost always occurs in wetlands. Here’s where it shines:

  • Rain gardens and bioswales
  • Coastal restoration projects
  • Pond edges and water features
  • Wetland gardens
  • Erosion control along waterways

Growing Conditions: Keeping It Wet

If you’re thinking about growing tidal spikerush, there’s one non-negotiable requirement: water, and lots of it! This plant thrives in:

  • Full sun to partial shade
  • Consistently wet to saturated soils
  • USDA hardiness zones 3-7
  • Areas that can tolerate occasional saltwater exposure

Don’t even think about planting this in your typical garden bed – tidal spikerush needs that constant moisture to survive and thrive.

Planting and Care Tips

The good news? Once you get tidal spikerush established in the right conditions, it’s pretty low-maintenance. Here’s how to give it the best start:

  • Plant in spring when the soil is workable
  • Ensure the planting area stays consistently moist to wet
  • Minimal fertilization needed – it’s adapted to nutrient-poor wetland conditions
  • Allow it to spread naturally to help with erosion control
  • Little to no pruning required

Wildlife and Ecological Benefits

While tidal spikerush might be wind-pollinated (so it won’t attract bees and butterflies), it still plays an important ecological role. The seeds provide food for various bird species, and the plant itself offers habitat and cover in wetland environments. Plus, its root system is excellent for preventing soil erosion – a real bonus in coastal areas prone to washing away.

Is Tidal Spikerush Right for You?

Let’s be honest – this isn’t a plant for everyone. You’ll want to consider tidal spikerush if you have:

  • A consistently wet area that needs plants
  • Interest in coastal or wetland restoration
  • A rain garden or bioswale project
  • Commitment to supporting vulnerable native species

However, if you’re looking for a traditional garden perennial for typical soil conditions, you’ll want to look elsewhere.

The Bottom Line

Tidal spikerush may not be the showiest plant in the native plant world, but it’s a valuable species that deserves a place in appropriate wetland settings. By choosing to grow this vulnerable native, you’re not just adding an interesting plant to your landscape – you’re helping preserve a species that’s an important part of our coastal ecosystems. Just remember to source it responsibly and give it the wet conditions it craves!

Tidal Spikerush

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Cyperaceae Juss. - Sedge family

Genus

Eleocharis R. Br. - spikerush

Species

Eleocharis aestuum D.M. Hines ex A. Haines - tidal spikerush

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA