North America Native Plant

Ticktrefoil

Botanical name: Desmodium umbellatum

USDA symbol: DEUM4

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Pacific Basin excluding Hawaii  

Synonyms: Dendrolobium umbellatum (L.) Benth. (DEUM6)   

Ticktrefoil: A Charming Pacific Island Native for Tropical Gardens If you’re gardening in the tropical Pacific and looking for a low-maintenance native plant that brings both beauty and ecological benefits to your landscape, ticktrefoil (Desmodium umbellatum) might just be your new garden companion. This delightful perennial forb has been quietly ...

Ticktrefoil: A Charming Pacific Island Native for Tropical Gardens

If you’re gardening in the tropical Pacific and looking for a low-maintenance native plant that brings both beauty and ecological benefits to your landscape, ticktrefoil (Desmodium umbellatum) might just be your new garden companion. This delightful perennial forb has been quietly beautifying Pacific island landscapes for centuries, and it’s time more gardeners discovered its charms.

What Exactly Is Ticktrefoil?

Ticktrefoil goes by the botanical name Desmodium umbellatum, though you might occasionally see it listed under its synonym Dendrolobium umbellatum. As a member of the legume family, this herbaceous perennial lacks woody stems above ground but makes up for it with its distinctive three-leaflet compound leaves and charming clusters of small, pea-like flowers.

The tick in ticktrefoil comes from its triangular seed pods that have a sneaky habit of hitching rides on clothing, fur, and feathers – nature’s clever way of spreading seeds far and wide!

Where Does Ticktrefoil Call Home?

This Pacific native has quite an exclusive address list. You’ll find ticktrefoil naturally growing across the Federated States of Micronesia, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, and Palau. It’s perfectly adapted to the warm, humid conditions of these tropical islands.

Why Your Garden Will Love Ticktrefoil

There are several compelling reasons to consider adding ticktrefoil to your tropical landscape:

  • Pollinator magnet: The small purple to pink flowers arranged in terminal clusters are irresistible to bees, butterflies, and other beneficial insects
  • Soil improver: As a legume, ticktrefoil fixes nitrogen in the soil, naturally fertilizing your garden
  • Low maintenance: Once established, this tough native requires minimal care
  • Ground cover potential: Its spreading habit makes it excellent for naturalizing areas
  • Wildlife benefits: Seeds provide food for birds, while the foliage offers habitat for small creatures

Growing Conditions and Care

The good news for busy gardeners is that ticktrefoil is refreshingly undemanding. Here’s what this easy-going native prefers:

Light: Partial shade to full sun – it’s quite adaptable to different light conditions

Soil: Well-draining soil of various types, though it appreciates consistent moisture without being waterlogged

Hardiness: USDA zones 10-12 only – this is strictly a warm-climate plant

Wetland status: Classified as Facultative Upland in Hawaii, meaning it usually grows in non-wetland areas but can tolerate occasional wet conditions

Planting and Propagation Tips

Getting ticktrefoil established in your garden is straightforward:

  • Seeds are the easiest propagation method – and you might find the plant self-seeds readily once established
  • Plant in spring when soil has warmed
  • Space plants adequately as they can spread to form colonies
  • Water regularly during establishment, then reduce as the plant matures
  • Minimal fertilizing needed due to its nitrogen-fixing abilities

Is Ticktrefoil Right for Your Garden?

Ticktrefoil shines in tropical and subtropical gardens where native plants are valued. It’s perfect for:

  • Wildlife and pollinator gardens
  • Naturalized landscapes
  • Ground cover in partially shaded areas
  • Erosion control on slopes
  • Native plant gardens in its natural range

However, this plant isn’t suitable for gardeners outside tropical zones (USDA 10-12), and its self-seeding nature means you’ll want to keep an eye on it if you prefer more controlled plantings.

The Bottom Line

For Pacific island gardeners, ticktrefoil represents the perfect combination of native authenticity, ecological benefits, and garden-friendly characteristics. It’s one of those wonderful plants that works hard behind the scenes – fixing nitrogen, feeding pollinators, and providing wildlife habitat – while asking for very little in return. If you’re lucky enough to garden in its native range, ticktrefoil deserves a spot in your landscape planning.

Just remember to source your plants responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries, and enjoy watching this charming Pacific native bring life and ecological richness to your garden.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Hawaii

FACU

Facultative Upland - Plants with this status usually occurs in non-wetlands but may occur in wetlands

Ticktrefoil

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Desmodium Desv. - ticktrefoil

Species

Desmodium umbellatum (L.) DC. - ticktrefoil

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA