North America Native Plant

Tibey Tupa

Botanical name: Lobelia portoricensis

USDA symbol: LOPO

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: subshrub

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico  

Synonyms: Tupa portoricensis Vatke (TUPO)   

Tibey Tupa: A Lesser-Known Puerto Rican Native Worth Discovering If you’re passionate about native Caribbean plants and love discovering botanical treasures, let me introduce you to tibey tupa (Lobelia portoricensis). This herbaceous perennial is a true Puerto Rican native that deserves more attention from gardeners interested in authentic island flora. ...

Tibey Tupa: A Lesser-Known Puerto Rican Native Worth Discovering

If you’re passionate about native Caribbean plants and love discovering botanical treasures, let me introduce you to tibey tupa (Lobelia portoricensis). This herbaceous perennial is a true Puerto Rican native that deserves more attention from gardeners interested in authentic island flora.

What is Tibey Tupa?

Tibey tupa belongs to the bellflower family and is classified as a forb – essentially a soft-stemmed herbaceous plant without woody growth above ground. As a perennial, it returns year after year, making it a reliable addition to gardens that can support its specific needs.

You might also encounter this plant listed under its botanical synonym, Tupa portoricensis, in older gardening references or scientific literature.

Where Does It Come From?

This charming plant is endemic to Puerto Rico, meaning it evolved there and exists nowhere else naturally in the world. Its entire natural range is limited to the beautiful island of Puerto Rico, making it a true local treasure.

The Wetland Connection

Here’s something fascinating about tibey tupa: it’s classified as an obligate wetland plant in the Caribbean region. This means it almost always occurs in wetland environments – think marshes, swamps, wet meadows, or areas with consistently moist soil. This characteristic is crucial for anyone considering growing this plant.

Should You Grow Tibey Tupa?

Growing tibey tupa can be both rewarding and challenging. Here’s what you need to consider:

The Good News

  • It’s a true native species, supporting local ecosystem health
  • As a perennial, it provides lasting value in appropriate settings
  • It represents authentic Puerto Rican botanical heritage
  • Perfect for native plant enthusiasts and collectors

The Challenges

  • Requires consistently wet conditions, which can be difficult to maintain
  • Limited availability in the nursery trade
  • Specific growing requirements may not suit typical garden conditions
  • Best suited for specialized wetland gardens or naturalized areas

Growing Conditions and Care

Given its obligate wetland status, tibey tupa thrives in:

  • Consistently moist to wet soil conditions
  • Areas that mimic natural wetland environments
  • Locations with good drainage despite constant moisture
  • Tropical to subtropical climates similar to Puerto Rico

This plant is ideally suited for specialized gardens such as:

  • Rain gardens and bioswales
  • Pond or water feature margins
  • Wetland restoration projects
  • Native plant preserves

A Plant for Specialized Gardens

Tibey tupa isn’t your typical backyard flowering plant. It’s better suited for gardeners with specific wetland conditions or those working on habitat restoration projects. If you have a rain garden, live near natural wetlands, or are creating a specialized native plant collection, this could be an excellent addition.

The Bottom Line

Lobelia portoricensis represents the unique botanical heritage of Puerto Rico. While it may not be the easiest plant to grow in typical garden settings, it offers something special for dedicated native plant enthusiasts with appropriate growing conditions. If you can provide the consistently moist environment it needs, you’ll be growing a piece of Puerto Rico’s natural history.

For most gardeners, tibey tupa works best as part of a specialized wetland garden or native plant collection rather than a general landscape plant. But for those up to the challenge, it’s a rewarding way to connect with Caribbean native flora.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Caribbean

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Tibey Tupa

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Campanulales

Family

Campanulaceae Juss. - Bellflower family

Genus

Lobelia L. - lobelia

Species

Lobelia portoricensis (Vatke) Urb. - tibey tupa

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA