North America Native Plant

Threeflower Hawthorn

Botanical name: Crataegus triflora

USDA symbol: CRTR2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Threeflower Hawthorn: A Rare Native Gem Worth Protecting If you’re looking to add a truly special native plant to your garden, the threeflower hawthorn (Crataegus triflora) might just be the hidden treasure you’ve been searching for. This southeastern native brings both beauty and ecological value to the landscape, but there’s ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Arkansas

Status: S2S3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘ Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘

Region: Arkansas

Region: Arkansas

Threeflower Hawthorn: A Rare Native Gem Worth Protecting

If you’re looking to add a truly special native plant to your garden, the threeflower hawthorn (Crataegus triflora) might just be the hidden treasure you’ve been searching for. This southeastern native brings both beauty and ecological value to the landscape, but there’s an important catch – it’s becoming increasingly rare in the wild.

What Makes Threeflower Hawthorn Special?

As its name suggests, threeflower hawthorn produces charming clusters of three white flowers, creating a delicate spring display that’s quite different from its showier hawthorn cousins. This perennial shrub typically grows as a multi-stemmed woody plant, usually staying under 13-16 feet tall, making it a manageable size for most home landscapes.

The botanical name Crataegus triflora tells you everything you need to know – tri meaning three, and flora referring to the flowers. It’s these distinctive three-flower clusters that set this species apart from other hawthorns and make it a botanically interesting addition to any native plant collection.

Where Does It Call Home?

Threeflower hawthorn is native to the southeastern United States, where it naturally occurs in Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Tennessee. This limited geographic range is part of what makes the species so special – and so vulnerable.

A Conservation Concern

Here’s what every gardener needs to know: Threeflower hawthorn is considered rare, with a Global Conservation Status of S2S3. In Alabama, it’s rated S2 (imperiled), and in Arkansas, it’s even rarer with an S1 status (critically imperiled). This means the plant is at risk in its native habitat.

If you’re interested in growing this beautiful native, please only source it from reputable nurseries that propagate plants responsibly rather than collecting from wild populations. By choosing nursery-grown plants, you’re helping protect the remaining wild populations while still enjoying this special species in your garden.

Garden Appeal and Landscape Use

Despite its rarity, threeflower hawthorn offers several appealing qualities for the home gardener:

  • Distinctive three-flowered clusters create unique spring interest
  • Manageable shrub size fits well in most landscapes
  • Native plant that supports local ecosystems
  • Likely produces small berries that provide wildlife food
  • Thorny branches can provide nesting sites for birds

This shrub works beautifully in native plant gardens, wildlife-friendly landscapes, and naturalistic settings. It’s particularly valuable for gardeners in the Southeast who want to grow plants that truly belong in their local ecosystem.

Growing Conditions and Care

While specific growing requirements for threeflower hawthorn aren’t well-documented due to its rarity, most hawthorns are relatively adaptable plants. Based on its native range, it likely thrives in USDA hardiness zones 7-9 and probably appreciates:

  • Full sun to partial shade
  • Well-draining soil
  • Moderate to low water needs once established
  • Minimal fertilization requirements

Like most native plants, threeflower hawthorn is probably quite drought-tolerant once it’s established, making it a good choice for lower-maintenance landscapes.

Supporting Pollinators and Wildlife

Hawthorns are generally excellent pollinator plants, and threeflower hawthorn likely attracts bees and other beneficial insects with its spring blooms. The small fruits (haws) that follow the flowers typically provide food for birds and other wildlife, making this shrub a valuable addition to any wildlife garden.

The Bottom Line

Threeflower hawthorn represents something special – a chance to grow a truly rare native plant that supports local ecosystems while adding unique beauty to your landscape. However, its rarity status means we all have a responsibility to source it ethically and help protect this botanical treasure.

If you can find responsibly propagated threeflower hawthorn, it’s definitely worth adding to your native plant collection. Just remember that by choosing this plant, you’re not just gardening – you’re participating in conservation.

Threeflower Hawthorn

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Rosales

Family

Rosaceae Juss. - Rose family

Genus

Crataegus L. - hawthorn

Species

Crataegus triflora Chapm. - threeflower hawthorn

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA