North America Native Plant

Thouinia

Botanical name: Thouinia

USDA symbol: THOUI

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico  

Thouinia: A Lesser-Known Caribbean Native Worth Discovering If you’re looking to add some authentic Caribbean flair to your tropical garden, you might want to get acquainted with thouinia (Thouinia). This native Puerto Rican shrub might not be the most famous plant in the gardening world, but sometimes the best discoveries ...

Thouinia: A Lesser-Known Caribbean Native Worth Discovering

If you’re looking to add some authentic Caribbean flair to your tropical garden, you might want to get acquainted with thouinia (Thouinia). This native Puerto Rican shrub might not be the most famous plant in the gardening world, but sometimes the best discoveries are the ones hiding in plain sight.

What Makes Thouinia Special?

Thouinia is a perennial shrub that calls Puerto Rico home. As a true native species, it has spent countless years adapting to the unique Caribbean climate and ecosystem. This multi-stemmed woody plant typically grows to a manageable size of 13 to 16 feet in height, though it can occasionally stretch taller or develop a single stem depending on growing conditions.

What’s particularly interesting about thouinia is that it represents the authentic plant palette of the Caribbean. While many gardeners reach for flashy tropical imports, native species like thouinia offer something special – they’re perfectly suited to their environment and support local ecosystems.

Where Does Thouinia Grow?

Currently, thouinia is documented as growing in Puerto Rico, where it thrives as part of the island’s native plant community. This Caribbean native has evolved specifically for the tropical conditions found in this region.

Is Thouinia Right for Your Garden?

Here’s the honest truth about thouinia – it’s something of a mystery plant in the gardening world. While we know it’s a native Caribbean shrub with an attractive multi-stemmed growth habit, detailed information about its ornamental qualities, flower characteristics, and specific care requirements isn’t widely documented in horticultural sources.

This could be both a challenge and an opportunity. If you’re the type of gardener who loves discovering under-the-radar natives and doesn’t mind some experimentation, thouinia might be perfect for you. However, if you prefer plants with well-established growing guides and predictable results, you might want to start with better-documented Caribbean natives.

Growing Conditions and Care

Based on its Puerto Rican origins, thouinia likely thrives in:

  • Tropical to subtropical climates (probably USDA zones 10-11)
  • Warm temperatures year-round
  • Conditions similar to other Caribbean native plants
  • Areas with natural rainfall patterns similar to its native habitat

Since specific growing requirements aren’t well-documented, your best approach would be to mimic the conditions of its native Puerto Rican habitat as closely as possible.

The Bottom Line

Thouinia represents an intriguing opportunity for adventurous gardeners, especially those passionate about native plants and authentic regional landscaping. While it may not have the detailed cultivation information of more popular species, its status as a true Caribbean native makes it valuable for creating authentic tropical landscapes.

If you’re interested in growing thouinia, try connecting with native plant societies in Puerto Rico or other Caribbean regions, botanical gardens specializing in Caribbean flora, or horticultural researchers who might have hands-on experience with this species.

Sometimes the best garden discoveries come from the plants that haven’t made it into every gardening book yet – and thouinia just might be one of those hidden gems waiting to be rediscovered by a new generation of native plant enthusiasts.

Thouinia

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Sapindales

Family

Sapindaceae Juss. - Soapberry family

Genus

Thouinia Poit. - thouinia

Species

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA