North America Native Plant

Tall Cottongrass

Botanical name: Eriophorum angustifolium triste

USDA symbol: ERANT

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to Alaska ⚘ Native to Canada ⚘ Native to Greenland  

Synonyms: Eriophorum triste (Th. Fr.) Hadac & Á. Löve (ERTR22)   

Tall Cottongrass: A Fluffy Arctic Beauty for Your Bog Garden If you’ve ever dreamed of bringing a touch of the Arctic wilderness to your backyard, tall cottongrass (Eriophorum angustifolium triste) might just be your ticket to wetland wonderland. This charming native sedge doesn’t just grow – it puts on a ...

Tall Cottongrass: A Fluffy Arctic Beauty for Your Bog Garden

If you’ve ever dreamed of bringing a touch of the Arctic wilderness to your backyard, tall cottongrass (Eriophorum angustifolium triste) might just be your ticket to wetland wonderland. This charming native sedge doesn’t just grow – it puts on a show with its signature fluffy white seed heads that dance in the breeze like tiny cotton balls on sticks.

What Makes Tall Cottongrass Special

Don’t let the name fool you – tall cottongrass isn’t actually a grass at all! It’s a member of the sedge family (Cyperaceae), and those adorable cotton puffs are actually clusters of silky white bristles that help disperse the seeds. This perennial graminoid creates quite the spectacle when it blooms, transforming from ordinary-looking grass-like foliage into a field of what looks like nature’s own cotton candy.

The plant is also known by its synonym Eriophorum triste, though most gardeners stick with the more memorable tall cottongrass moniker.

Where This Arctic Native Calls Home

Tall cottongrass is a true North American native, naturally occurring across some of the continent’s most dramatic landscapes. You’ll find it thriving in Alaska, various Canadian provinces including Ontario, Quebec, Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut, and Labrador, plus the icy expanses of Greenland. This plant has serious cold-weather credentials!

Why Your Garden Might Love This Fluffy Friend

Here’s where tall cottongrass really shines – it’s the perfect plant for gardeners looking to create authentic wetland habitats or tackle those challenging boggy spots in their yard. Here’s what makes it garden-worthy:

  • Unique visual appeal: Those signature white, fluffy seed heads create stunning textural contrast against other wetland plants
  • Native plant benefits: Supports local ecosystems and provides nesting materials for birds
  • Low maintenance: Once established in the right conditions, it pretty much takes care of itself
  • Extremely hardy: Thrives in USDA zones 1-6, handling even the most brutal winters

The Perfect Garden Match

Tall cottongrass isn’t your typical backyard perennial – it’s a specialist that absolutely loves life on the wet side. This plant is ideal for:

  • Bog gardens and constructed wetlands
  • Rain gardens in consistently moist areas
  • Naturalized wetland restoration projects
  • Pondside plantings and water feature edges
  • Native plant gardens with authentic regional character

Growing Conditions: Embrace the Bog Life

If you’re thinking of adding tall cottongrass to your landscape, you’ll need to think wet – really wet. This plant demands:

  • Moisture: Consistently moist to wet, even waterlogged soils
  • pH: Acidic conditions (think sphagnum bog environment)
  • Light: Full sun to partial shade
  • Climate: Cool, northern climates where it can experience proper winter chilling

Planting and Care Tips

Successfully growing tall cottongrass is all about recreating its natural bog habitat:

  • Site preparation: Create or utilize naturally boggy, acidic areas
  • Soil amendments: Add peat moss or other organic matter to maintain acidity and moisture retention
  • Water management: Ensure consistent moisture year-round – this plant should never dry out
  • Minimal fertilization: Like most bog plants, it prefers nutrient-poor conditions
  • Winter care: Leave seed heads standing for winter interest and wildlife benefits

Is Tall Cottongrass Right for Your Garden?

This delightful native is perfect for gardeners who:

  • Have naturally wet, boggy areas that need landscaping solutions
  • Are creating rain gardens or wetland restoration projects
  • Want to support native wildlife and ecosystems
  • Appreciate unique, textural plants with seasonal interest
  • Garden in northern climates with harsh winters

However, tall cottongrass might not be your best choice if you have typical garden soil conditions, live in warm climates, or prefer low-water landscaping.

The Bottom Line

Tall cottongrass is a specialist plant for specialist situations, but when those conditions align, it’s absolutely magical. Those fluffy white seed heads swaying in the breeze can transform a challenging wet spot into a captivating focal point while supporting local wildlife and celebrating your region’s native plant heritage. Just remember – success with this Arctic beauty is all about embracing the bog life!

Tall Cottongrass

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Cyperaceae Juss. - Sedge family

Genus

Eriophorum L. - cottongrass

Species

Eriophorum angustifolium Honck. - tall cottongrass

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA