North America Native Plant

Tahitian Spinach

Botanical name: Xanthosoma brasiliense

USDA symbol: XABR

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Pacific Basin excluding Hawaii âš˜ Native to Puerto Rico âš˜ Native to the U.S. Virgin Islands  

Tahitian Spinach: A Tropical Leafy Green for Warm Climate Gardens If you’re looking to add some serious tropical flair to your garden while growing something you can actually eat, Tahitian spinach might just be your new best friend. This lush, leafy perennial brings both beauty and functionality to warm climate ...

Tahitian Spinach: A Tropical Leafy Green for Warm Climate Gardens

If you’re looking to add some serious tropical flair to your garden while growing something you can actually eat, Tahitian spinach might just be your new best friend. This lush, leafy perennial brings both beauty and functionality to warm climate landscapes, though it comes with a few considerations worth knowing about.

What Exactly is Tahitian Spinach?

Tahitian spinach (Xanthosoma brasiliense) is a perennial forb that’s all about those gorgeous, oversized leaves. Also known as zuiki in Palau, this plant belongs to the same family as taro and produces those classic heart-shaped leaves that scream tropical paradise. Unlike woody plants, it stays herbaceous throughout its life, with all its growing power focused on producing those stunning leaves rather than developing a trunk or branches.

Where Does It Come From?

Here’s where things get a bit interesting from a native gardening perspective. While Tahitian spinach has established itself as native to Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, it’s also considered a non-native species that has naturalized in parts of the Pacific Basin (excluding Hawaii). You’ll find it growing in Guam, Palau, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands, where it reproduces on its own without any human help.

The Good, The Bad, and The Leafy

Let’s be honest about what you’re getting into with Tahitian spinach. On the plus side, this plant is absolutely stunning. Those deep green, heart-shaped leaves can reach 12 to 18 inches long, creating an instant tropical vibe that’s hard to beat. It’s also edible – the young leaves can be cooked and eaten like spinach, making it a dual-purpose addition to your garden.

However, since it’s not native to most areas where it’s grown, you might want to consider native alternatives that provide similar aesthetic appeal while supporting local ecosystems. If you do choose to grow Tahitian spinach, just be mindful of its naturalization tendencies and consider containing it to prevent unwanted spread.

Perfect Growing Conditions

Tahitian spinach is pretty particular about its living conditions, but once you get it right, it’s relatively low-maintenance:

  • Light: Partial shade to full shade – this isn’t a sun worshipper
  • Soil: Moist but well-draining soil that doesn’t get soggy
  • Temperature: Warm climates only (USDA zones 9-11)
  • Water: Consistent moisture without waterlogging

Garden Design Ideas

This plant shines in tropical-themed gardens, shade gardens, and even container gardens if you’ve got a large enough pot. It makes an excellent accent plant, drawing the eye with its bold foliage. Consider using it in edible landscapes where you want something that looks ornamental but serves a practical purpose too.

Just remember to give it some protection from strong winds – those big leaves can take a beating in stormy weather.

Planting and Care Tips

Getting started with Tahitian spinach is pretty straightforward:

  • Plant tubers in spring after the last frost danger has passed
  • Keep the soil consistently moist but never waterlogged
  • Provide some shelter from harsh winds
  • Harvest young leaves for eating when they’re tender
  • In cooler zones, treat it as an annual or bring containers indoors

The Bottom Line

Tahitian spinach can be a beautiful and functional addition to warm climate gardens, especially if you’re going for that lush, tropical look. While it’s not native to most areas, it’s not considered invasive either, so it falls into that neutral territory where personal preference and garden goals should guide your decision.

If you’re committed to native-only gardening, consider exploring native alternatives that offer similar large, dramatic foliage. But if you’re open to non-native plants that won’t cause ecological havoc, Tahitian spinach could be just the tropical touch your garden needs.

Tahitian Spinach

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Arecidae

Order

Arales

Family

Araceae Juss. - Arum family

Genus

Xanthosoma Schott - elephant's ear

Species

Xanthosoma brasiliense (Desf.) Engl. - Tahitian spinach

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA