North America Native Plant

Tafetan

Botanical name: Palicourea alpina

USDA symbol: PAAL9

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico  

Synonyms: Psychotria alpina Sw. (PSAL)   

Tafetan: A Native Puerto Rican Shrub Worth Getting to Know If you’re gardening in Puerto Rico and looking to embrace native plants, let me introduce you to tafetan (Palicourea alpina) – a charming native shrub that deserves more attention from local gardeners. While it might not be the most famous ...

Tafetan: A Native Puerto Rican Shrub Worth Getting to Know

If you’re gardening in Puerto Rico and looking to embrace native plants, let me introduce you to tafetan (Palicourea alpina) – a charming native shrub that deserves more attention from local gardeners. While it might not be the most famous plant in the Caribbean gardening world, this perennial woody plant has some interesting qualities that make it worth considering for your landscape.

What Exactly is Tafetan?

Tafetan, scientifically known as Palicourea alpina, is a multi-stemmed shrub that’s completely native to Puerto Rico. You might occasionally see it referred to by its botanical synonym, Psychotria alpina, but don’t let that confuse you – it’s the same plant! This perennial shrub typically grows to be less than 13-16 feet tall, though like many shrubs, its exact size can vary depending on growing conditions.

Where You’ll Find This Native Beauty

Tafetan is what we call an endemic species, meaning it naturally occurs only in Puerto Rico. It’s not found growing wild anywhere else in the world, which makes it pretty special if you think about it! This shrub has adapted specifically to Puerto Rican conditions over thousands of years.

Why Consider Tafetan for Your Garden?

Here are some compelling reasons why tafetan might be perfect for your Puerto Rican landscape:

  • It’s authentically local: As a native species, tafetan is naturally adapted to Puerto Rico’s climate and conditions
  • Low maintenance potential: Native plants typically require less water, fertilizer, and pest control once established
  • Supports local ecosystems: Native plants provide habitat and food sources for local wildlife
  • Unique garden feature: Since it’s not commonly cultivated, you’ll have something truly distinctive

Growing Conditions and Care

While detailed horticultural information about tafetan is limited (it’s one of those hidden gems of native plants), we can make some educated guesses based on its natural habitat and wetland classification. Tafetan is classified as Facultative Upland, which means it usually grows in non-wetland areas but can tolerate some moisture.

This suggests that tafetan likely prefers:

  • Well-draining soil that doesn’t stay constantly wet
  • Moderate moisture levels – not bone dry, but not swampy either
  • Conditions similar to Puerto Rico’s natural upland areas

The Reality Check: Limited Information

I’ll be honest with you – tafetan isn’t a plant you’ll find detailed growing guides for at your local garden center. As with many native species that haven’t entered mainstream horticulture, specific information about propagation, ideal soil pH, fertilizer needs, and common pests is scarce. This is both the challenge and the adventure of growing lesser-known natives!

How to Approach Growing Tafetan

If you’re intrigued by this native shrub, here’s how to proceed:

  • Start with observation: If possible, observe tafetan in its natural habitat to understand its preferred growing conditions
  • Source responsibly: Look for native plant sales, botanical gardens, or specialized native plant nurseries in Puerto Rico
  • Mimic natural conditions: Provide growing conditions similar to Puerto Rico’s upland areas
  • Be patient: Native plants often establish slowly but become very resilient once settled
  • Connect with local experts: Reach out to Puerto Rican botanical gardens, university extension services, or native plant societies for specific advice

The Bottom Line

Tafetan represents the kind of plant that makes native gardening exciting – it’s a piece of Puerto Rico’s natural heritage that you can cultivate in your own backyard. While growing it might require a bit more detective work than planting common ornamentals, the reward is having a truly unique, locally-adapted plant that connects your garden to the island’s natural ecosystems.

If you’re passionate about native plants and enjoy the challenge of growing something special, tafetan could be a wonderful addition to your Puerto Rican landscape. Just remember to source it responsibly and be prepared for a gardening adventure!

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Caribbean

FACU

Facultative Upland - Plants with this status usually occurs in non-wetlands but may occur in wetlands

Tafetan

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Rubiales

Family

Rubiaceae Juss. - Madder family

Genus

Palicourea Aubl. - cappel

Species

Palicourea alpina (Sw.) DC. - tafetan

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA