North America Native Plant

Swordfern

Botanical name: Nephrolepis ×copelandii

USDA symbol: NECO11

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Hawaii  

Swordfern: A Hawaiian Native Fern Worth Getting to Know Meet Nephrolepis ×copelandii, a charming Hawaiian native fern that goes by the straightforward common name of swordfern. This perennial beauty represents one of nature’s fascinating hybrids, as indicated by that little × in its scientific name – think of it as ...

Swordfern: A Hawaiian Native Fern Worth Getting to Know

Meet Nephrolepis ×copelandii, a charming Hawaiian native fern that goes by the straightforward common name of swordfern. This perennial beauty represents one of nature’s fascinating hybrids, as indicated by that little × in its scientific name – think of it as nature’s way of saying mashup.

What Makes This Fern Special?

This swordfern is a true Hawaiian native, meaning it evolved naturally in the beautiful islands of Hawaii long before any human intervention. As a perennial fern, it’s built to stick around year after year, making it a reliable green companion for island gardens and landscapes.

Where You’ll Find It

Nephrolepis ×copelandii calls Hawaii home and can be found growing throughout the Hawaiian islands. This fern has adapted to the unique climate and conditions of this Pacific paradise.

Garden Benefits and Uses

While specific details about this particular hybrid are limited in research literature, swordferns in general are valued for their:

  • Elegant, arching fronds that add tropical flair
  • Low-maintenance nature once established
  • Ability to thrive in Hawaii’s unique climate
  • Role in supporting native Hawaiian ecosystems

Growing Conditions and Habitat

This swordfern has a wetland status of Facultative Upland, which is a fancy way of saying it usually prefers drier ground but won’t mind getting its feet a little wet occasionally. Think of it as a flexible fern that can adapt to various moisture conditions – though it typically leans toward the drier side of things.

Why Consider This Native Fern?

Choosing native plants like Nephrolepis ×copelandii is always a smart move for several reasons:

  • They’re naturally adapted to local conditions
  • They support native wildlife and ecosystems
  • They typically require less water and maintenance than non-natives
  • They help preserve Hawaii’s unique botanical heritage

A Word of Caution

While this particular swordfern appears to be a legitimate native Hawaiian species, information about this specific hybrid is somewhat limited in scientific literature. If you’re interested in adding it to your garden, we’d recommend consulting with local Hawaiian native plant societies or botanical experts to ensure you’re getting authentic, properly identified specimens.

For Hawaiian gardeners looking to embrace their islands’ natural beauty, native ferns like this swordfern offer an excellent way to create landscapes that truly belong to the place they call home.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Hawaii

FACU

Facultative Upland - Plants with this status usually occurs in non-wetlands but may occur in wetlands

Swordfern

Classification

Group

Fern

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision
Division

Pteridophyta - Ferns

Subdivision
Class

Filicopsida

Subclass
Order

Polypodiales

Family

Dryopteridaceae Herter - Wood Fern family

Genus

Nephrolepis Schott - swordfern

Species

Nephrolepis ×copelandii W.H. Wagner [cordifolia × multiflora] - swordfern

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA