North America Native Plant

Sweet Four O’clock

Botanical name: Mirabilis longiflora var. wrightiana

USDA symbol: MILOW

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Mirabilis wrightiana A. Gray ex Britton & Kearney (MIWR)   

Sweet Four O’Clock: A Fragrant Night Bloomer for Southwestern Gardens If you’re looking for a native plant that transforms your garden into an evening oasis, meet the sweet four o’clock (Mirabilis longiflora var. wrightiana). This delightful perennial forb brings both fragrance and nighttime magic to southwestern landscapes, proving that some ...

Sweet Four O’Clock: A Fragrant Night Bloomer for Southwestern Gardens

If you’re looking for a native plant that transforms your garden into an evening oasis, meet the sweet four o’clock (Mirabilis longiflora var. wrightiana). This delightful perennial forb brings both fragrance and nighttime magic to southwestern landscapes, proving that some of the best garden performances happen after the sun goes down.

What Is Sweet Four O’Clock?

Sweet four o’clock is a native perennial forb that calls the American Southwest home. As a forb, it’s an herbaceous plant without woody stems above ground – think of it as nature’s way of creating a low-maintenance flowering plant that comes back year after year. You might also see it listed under its synonym Mirabilis wrightiana, but don’t let the botanical name shuffle confuse you – it’s the same wonderful plant.

Where Does It Naturally Grow?

This native beauty has made itself at home across Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas, where it has adapted perfectly to the challenging conditions of the southwestern United States. It’s a true local, having evolved alongside the region’s other native plants and wildlife.

Why Plant Sweet Four O’Clock?

There are several compelling reasons to give this native charmer a spot in your garden:

  • Evening fragrance: The white, tubular flowers release their sweet scent as temperatures cool, creating a magical evening experience
  • Night pollinator magnet: Moths and sphinx moths absolutely love these blooms, supporting important nighttime pollinators
  • Water-wise: Once established, it’s remarkably drought tolerant – perfect for water-conscious gardening
  • Low maintenance: This perennial asks for very little once it’s settled in
  • Native plant benefits: Supporting local ecosystems while reducing garden maintenance

Garden Design Ideas

Sweet four o’clock shines brightest in these garden settings:

  • Evening gardens: Plant near patios, walkways, or windows where you can enjoy the nighttime fragrance
  • Native plant gardens: Pairs beautifully with other southwestern natives
  • Xeriscape designs: An excellent choice for water-wise landscaping
  • Desert gardens: Fits naturally into authentic desert plant communities

Growing Conditions and Care

Sweet four o’clock thrives in USDA hardiness zones 8-10, making it well-suited for much of the southwestern United States. Here’s what this easy-going native prefers:

  • Sunlight: Full sun to partial shade (though it performs best with plenty of sun)
  • Soil: Well-draining soil is essential – it won’t tolerate soggy conditions
  • Water: Drought tolerant once established, but appreciates occasional deep watering during extreme heat
  • Maintenance: Minimal care required; may go dormant during the hottest part of summer

Planting and Care Tips

Getting sweet four o’clock established in your garden is refreshingly straightforward:

  • Plant in spring after the last frost date
  • Ensure excellent drainage – amend clay soils with sand or gravel if needed
  • Water regularly during the first growing season to help establish roots
  • Once established, water deeply but infrequently
  • Don’t worry if it goes dormant in extreme heat – it’s just taking a summer break
  • Deadhead spent flowers to encourage continued blooming

Supporting Wildlife

By choosing sweet four o’clock, you’re not just adding beauty to your garden – you’re creating habitat for night-flying pollinators like moths and sphinx moths. These important pollinators are often overlooked, but they play a crucial role in supporting healthy ecosystems.

The Bottom Line

Sweet four o’clock offers southwestern gardeners a winning combination of native authenticity, evening fragrance, and low-maintenance beauty. If you have well-draining soil and want to create a garden that comes alive after sunset, this native perennial deserves a spot on your plant wish list. Plus, you’ll be supporting local wildlife while creating a uniquely southwestern garden experience that celebrates the magic of desert evenings.

Sweet Four O’clock

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Caryophyllidae

Order

Caryophyllales

Family

Nyctaginaceae Juss. - Four o'clock family

Genus

Mirabilis L. - four o'clock

Species

Mirabilis longiflora L. - sweet four o'clock

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA